An implant apparatus comprising a plurality of photo sensors, a plurality of micro electrodes, a plurality of guard rings surrounding the micro electrodes and circuitry coupled to the photo sensors and the micro electrodes are described. The photo sensors may receive incoming light. The circuit may drive the micro electrodes to stimulate neuron cells for enabling perception of a vision of the light captured by the photo sensors. The guard rings may confine electric flows from the micro electrodes to the targeted neuron cells. The apparatus may be implemented in a flexible material to conform to a shape of a human eyeball to allow the micro electrodes aligned with the neuron cells for the stimulation.

Thin-film devices, for example electrochromic devices for windows, and methods of manufacturing are described. Particular focus is given to methods of patterning optical devices. Various edge deletion and isolation scribes are performed, for example, to ensure the optical device has appropriate isolation from any edge defects. Methods described herein apply to any thin-film device having one or more material layers sandwiched between two thin film electrical conductor layers. The described methods create novel optical device configurations.

A method for producing a ceramic multilayer element is disclosed. In an embodiment the method includes forming a plurality of multilayer segments in a green state, wherein each multilayer segment is formed by pressing together a plurality of ceramic layers in the green state and pressing together the multilayer segments in the green state to form a multilayer element that is in the green state. The method further includes sintering the multilayer element that is in the green state to form a ceramic multilayer element that includes the ceramic layers and electrode layers arranged one on top of another, wherein at least one or more of a temperature at which the multilayer segments are pressed together, a pressing force applied during the pressing of the multilayer segments, and/or a duration of the pressing of the multilayer segments are adjusted.

Methods and systems for manufacturing a swallowable sensor device are disclosed. Such a method includes mechanically coupling a plurality of internal components, wherein the plurality of internal components includes a printed circuit board having a plurality of projections extending radially outward. A cavity is filled with a potting material, and the mechanically coupled components are inserted into the cavity. The cavity may be pre-filled with the potting material, or may be filled after the mechanically coupled components have been inserted therein. A distal end of each projection abuts against a wall of the cavity thereby preventing the potting material from covering each distal end. The cavity is sealed with a cap causing the potting material to harden within the sealed cavity to form a housing of the swallowable sensor device, wherein the distal end of each projection is exposed to an external environment of the swallowable sensor device.

Electrified access-control technology devices for a door, particularly electrified locks for a door, having embedded circuitry therein, and methods of making the same. One or more printed circuit boards (PCBs) having various electronic circuitry are secured inside a housing that encases an access-control device, particularly a lock, for a door. The one or more PCB(s) may be embedded on an internal surface of the housing such that the embedded PCB resides inside the housing along with the lock itself. The embedded PCB(s) avoid interference of both any working components of the lock inside the housing and any openings residing in the housing.

A surface treated copper foil which is well bonded to a resin and achieves excellent visibility when observed through the resin, and a laminate using the same are provided. The surface treated copper foil to be laminated on a polyimide having the following ΔB (PI) of 50 or more and 65 or less before being laminated to the copper foil so as to form a copper clad laminate comprising a surface having a color difference ΔE*ab of 50 or more based on JIS Z 8730 through the polyimide and a difference between the top average Bt and the bottom average Bb in a brightness curve extending from an edge of the copper foil to a portion without the copper foil ΔB (ΔB=Bt−Bb) of 40 or more, wherein the brightness curve is obtained from an observation spot versus brightness graph of measurement results of the brightness of the photographed image of the copper foil through the polyimide laminated from the surface treated surface side with a CCD camera for the respective observation spots along the perpendicular direction of the extending direction of the observed copper foil.

Methods, structures, apparatus, devices, and materials to facilitate the integration of electronic integrated circuits (chips) including drivers, amplifiers, microcontrollers, etc., onto/into photonic integrated circuits (chips) using recessed windows exhibiting controlled depths onto/into the photonic chip. The electronic chips are positioned into the recessed windows and electrical connections between the electronic chips and the photonic chip are achieved by flip-chip techniques with predefined traces at a bottom of the recessed windows or direct wire bonding. Advantageously, this integration may be performed on a wafer level for large-volume productions.

Thin-film devices, for example electrochromic devices for windows, and methods of manufacturing are described. Particular focus is given to methods of patterning optical devices. Various edge deletion and isolation scribes are performed, for example, to ensure the optical device has appropriate isolation from any edge defects. Methods described herein apply to any thin-film device having one or more material layers sandwiched between two thin film electrical conductor layers. The described methods create novel optical device configurations.

A method for manufacturing a circuit board comprises steps of providing a single-sided board comprising a first insulating base, a copper layer, and at least one first conductive structure; providing a laminated board comprising a metal layer, a third insulating base, a metal shielding layer, and a second insulating base; forming a wiring layer by the metal layer comprising at least one signal wire and at least one connecting pad; defining at least one second through hole each passing through the second insulating base, the metal shielding layer, and the third insulating base; forming a second conductive structure in each second through hole; providing a double-sided board comprising a wiring layer, a fourth insulating base, a first copper foil; and at least one third conductive structure; pressing the single-sided board, at least one middle structure, and the double-sided board in that sequence to form the circuit board.

Certain aspects pertain to methods of fabricating an optical device on a substantially transparent substrate that include a pre-deposition operation that removes a width of lower conductor layer at a distance from the outer edge of the substrate to form a pad at the outer edge. The pad and any deposited layers of the optical device may be removed in a post edge deletion operation.