A ventilation monitoring system includes one or more processors configured to receive data from a sensor positioned along a breathing circuit during a mechanical ventilation procedure for a patient. The one or more processors are also configured to analyze the data to determine respective concentrations of ions at the sensor and to calculate a detected ratio of the respective concentrations of the ions at the sensor. The one or more processors are also configured to compare the detected ratio to an expected ratio to determine a condition of the patient and to output a notification to indicate the condition of the patient.

In some embodiments, an external bladder management system that is configured to reside within a urine collection receptacle (e.g., a toilet) includes a body that houses a fluid testing chamber. The fluid testing chamber is fluidically coupled to a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. The system further includes a fluid capturing funnel fluidically coupled to and extending from the body and configured to couple the body to the urine collection receptacle. The system further includes an optical sensor disposed within the body and including (1) an emitter configured to convey light across the fluid testing chamber, and (2) an optical detector capable of measuring an intensity of the light as the light exits the fluid testing chamber. The fluid inlet, fluid testing chamber, and fluid outlet are collectively configured to encourage a laminar flow profile of the fluid as it flows through the fluid testing chamber.

In some examples, a medical device includes an elongated body defining an inner lumen. The medical device further includes an anchoring member and a first sensor at a proximal portion of the elongated body, and a second sensor at a distal portion of the elongated body or distal to a distal end of the elongated body. The second sensor is configured to sense a substance of interest and the elongated body comprises a material that is a substantially non-permeable to the substance of interest.

A system comprises a catheter configured for delivery to a body cavity defined by surrounding tissue; a plurality of ultrasound transducers coupled to a distal end of the catheter; and an electronics module configured to selectively turn on/off each ultrasound transducer according to a predetermined activation sequence and to process signals received from each ultrasound transducer to produce at least a 2D display of the surrounding tissue. A user can selectively calculate and display various aspects of cardiac activity. The user can display Dipole Density (DDM), Charge Density (CDM), or Voltage (V-V). The shape and location of the chamber (surface), and the potentials recorded at electrodes can be displayed. The system can also change back and forth between the different display modes, and with post processing tools, can change how various types of information is displayed. Methods are also provided.

Systems, devices, and methods for guiding an ablation procedure are provided. For example, in one embodiment, a system for guiding ablation includes a processor circuit in communication an electrophysiology (EP) catheter comprising a plurality of electrodes. The EP catheter is positioned near an ablation balloon during placement at the ablation site, and is used to detect blood flow within a cavity of the heart by detecting electrical signals relating to dielectric properties. It can then be determined whether any gaps are present at the interface between the balloon and the ablation site. For example, the processor circuit can determine, based on the detected blood flow, whether a balloon occludes a region of interest. The processor then outputs a visualization indicating whether the balloon occludes the region of interest to a display.

A catheter for measuring pressure in the urinary tract of a patient includes a catheter body having a proximal and distal end. A plurality of lumens is formed in the catheter body, and an adaptor is coupled to the proximal end of the catheter body. The adaptor includes a port for each lumen. A first pressure sensor, typically including a balloon, is fluidically coupled to a first lumen and is configured and positioned to measure pressure in a urethra of the patient. A second pressure sensor, also typically including a balloon, is fluidically coupled to a second lumen and is configured and positioned on the catheter body to measure pressure in a bladder of the patient. An expandable retention member, which may be coupled to a third lumen, is positioned on the catheter body between the first and second expandable pressure sensors so that the catheter body may be retained at a selected location in the urinary tract to properly position the fluid pressure sensors in the bladder and urethra, respectively.

Devices, systems, and methods for the localization of body lumen junctions and other intraluminal structure are disclosed. Various embodiments permit clinicians to identify and locate lesions and/or anatomical structures within a lumen and accurately place leads and/or devices within a lumen, through determining the intralumen conductance and/or cross-sectional area at a plurality of locations within the body lumen.

A device, system, and method for treating an area of tissue and evaluating lesion formation and quality. The system may include a medical device having a plurality of mapping electrodes on a treatment element, the plurality of mapping electrodes being configured to record from the area of tissue at least one of unipolar impedance measurements, bipolar impedance measurements, local electrical activity, and pace threshold measurements before, during, and after circulation of the cryogenic fluid within the treatment element. These measurements may be transmitted to a control unit having processing circuitry configured to compare pre-treatment measurements, in-treatment measurements, and/or post-treatment measurements to each other and/or to threshold values to determine occlusion and/or lesion quality, such as lesion transmurality.

A detection system for detecting a loop and/or a knot in a catheter includes a first coil and a second coil in spaced positions on a catheter body of the catheter. A driver is coupled by a wired communication link to the first coil, wherein the driver is configured to transmit a first signal to the first coil. A receiver is coupled by a wired communication link to the second coil, wherein the receiver is configured to receive a second signal from the second coil indicative of a proximity of the first coil and the second coil. A signal analyzer is coupled by a wired or wireless communication link to the receiver that is configured to receive the second signal from the receiver and determine whether there is a change in the second signal indicative of a formation of the loop and/or the knot in the catheter.

Disclosed embodiments include apparatuses, systems, and methods for assessing collateral ventilation. An illustrative embodiment includes a flexible insertion catheter device includes an outer tube having an inner diameter. The outer tube includes a plurality of ports at a distal end and an occlusion device filling port located proximal from the plurality of ports. Also, the flexible insertion catheter device includes an inner tube receivable within the outer tube. The inner tube includes a flow lumen and an outer diameter less than the inner diameter of the outer tube. The flexible insertion catheter device further includes an occlusion device attachable to the outer tube and configured to selectively seal a bronchial passageway to occlude a lobe of a lung.