Provided is a blood purification apparatus which can continue to accurately monitor a blood purification treatment state even if treatment conditions are changed during blood purification treatment. The blood purification apparatus can perform real-time monitoring on the blood purification treatment state, based on a concentration change in a discharge solution which is obtained by an arithmetic device. The blood purification apparatus includes a treatment condition change device that sets or changes treatment conditions as requested, and that causes a discharge solution concentration sensor to previously detect concentration of the discharge solution under the respective treatment conditions, and a storage device that stores the concentration of the discharge solution under the respective treatment conditions which is detected by the discharge solution concentration sensor in the treatment condition change device, as a first predetermined value corresponding to the respective treatment conditions. When the treatment conditions are changed during blood purification treatment, the arithmetic device obtains the concentration change in the discharge solution, based on the first predetermined value corresponding to the changed treatment conditions among the first predetermined values stored in the storage device.

The invention relates to a testing system and related methods for detecting peritonitis or infection in peritoneal dialysate removed from a patient. The testing system can include a fluid sensor apparatus in a fluid line of a peritoneal dialysis cycler through which spent peritoneal dialysate can be pumped. The fluid sensor apparatus can detect one or more markers associated with peritonitis or infection.

The present invention relates to a sorbent manifold and related systems and methods having a plurality of passageways fluidly connectable to one or more valves and one or more sensors and components for use in a sorbent dialysis system. The sorbent manifold can control the one or more valves to direct fluid to either pass through a sorbent cartridge or bypass the sorbent cartridge based on measurements obtained from sensors.

methods, apparatuses, and systems for determining a peritoneal transport status of a patient based on mass analyzing low volumes of peritoneal dialysis (PD) effluent to generate patient information that may be evaluated using PD effluent fingerprints to determine peritoneal transport characteristics of the patient are described. For example, in one embodiment, a method of determining a transport status of a dialysis patient may include obtaining a volume of peritoneal dialysis (PD) effluent of the dialysis patient, generating patient information via mass analysis of the volume of PD effluent, and determining patient profile information based on evaluating the patient information with a profile library, the patient profile information comprising a peritoneal transport status classification. Other embodiments are described.

A dialysis system is provided that includes a dialysis machine and a potassium sensing device that is configured to measure the concentration of potassium in the patient's blood, in spent dialysate resulting from treating the patient, or in both. The potassium sensing device can be configured to generate a sensed value of the concentration of potassium. A control and computing unit, including a processor and a memory, is configured to receive the sensed value, compare the value with one or more values stored in the memory, and generate a control signal based on the comparison. A potassium infusion circuit uses the control signal to infuse supplemental potassium solution into the treatment dialysate, a replacement fluid, or both. The memory can include stored patient-historical and population data.

The invention relates to systems and methods for sensing fluid characteristics of peritoneal dialysate infused into and removed from a patient during treatment. The systems and methods include sensors, processors, and flow paths for determining patient health based on the fluid characteristics of the peritoneal dialysate. The system can be a peritoneal dialysis cycler which can include an infusion line; an effluent line; at least one pump positioned in the infusion and/or effluent line; and at least one sensor fluidly connected to the effluent line. The sensor can be at least one of a flow sensor, an ion selective electrode, a pH sensor, a pressure sensor, a refractive index sensor, and a temperature sensor. The method can include infusing peritoneal dialysate through an infusion line; removing peritoneal dialysate through an effluent line; and determining at least one fluid characteristic of the peritoneal dialysate in the effluent line.

The present invention relates to a sorbent manifold and related systems and methods having a plurality of passageways fluidly connectable to one or more valves and one or more sensors and components for use in a sorbent dialysis system. The sorbent manifold can control the one or more valves to direct fluid to either pass through a sorbent cartridge or bypass the sorbent cartridge based on measurements obtained from sensors.

An extracellular fluid volume calculator may include: an acquirement unit configured to acquire a membrane area of a dialyzer used for hemodialysis; and a processor configured to calculate a post-hemodialysis extracellular fluid volume based on a difference between a pre-hemodialysis amount of uric acid and a post-hemodialysis amount of uric acid. The processor may be configured to: calculate a removal amount of uric acid removed by hemodialysis based on a dialyzer overall mass transfer-area coefficient for uric acid; and calculate the dialyzer overall mass transfer-area coefficient for uric acid based on the membrane area of the dialyzer acquired by the acquirement unit.

The invention relates to a testing system and related methods for detecting peritonitis or infection in peritoneal dialysate removed from a patient. The testing system can include a fluid sensor apparatus in a fluid line of a peritoneal dialysis cycler through which spent peritoneal dialysate can be pumped. The fluid sensor apparatus can detect one or more markers associated with peritonitis or infection.

The invention relates to systems and methods for sensing fluid characteristics of peritoneal dialysate infused into and removed from a patient during treatment. The systems and methods include sensors, processors, and flow paths for determining patient health based on the fluid characteristics of the peritoneal dialysate. The system can be a peritoneal dialysis cycler which can include an infusion line; an effluent line; at least one pump positioned in the infusion and/or effluent line; and at least one sensor fluidly connected to the effluent line. The sensor can be at least one of a flow sensor, an ion selective electrode, a pH sensor, a pressure sensor, a refractive index sensor, and a temperature sensor. The method can include infusing peritoneal dialysate through an infusion line; removing peritoneal dialysate through an effluent line; and determining at least one fluid characteristic of the peritoneal dialysate in the effluent line.