Techniques for treating subjects with an injected agent include applying vacuum pressure to tissue adjacent the injection and optionally electroporating said tissue. A device for applying such treatment includes a housing defining a receptacle and an opening into the receptacle. A port extends through the housing remote from the opening and is connectable to a vacuum source, such that the port can communicate vacuum pressure from the vacuum source to the receptacle. The device includes an insert that is receivable within the receptacle and that defines an internal chamber, which is in communication with the vacuum source when the insert resides in the receptacle. The insert includes at least one electrode positioned within the chamber and configured to deliver one or more electroporation pulses to a targeted portion of tissue extending through the at least one opening and at least momentarily held in the chamber responsive to the vacuum pressure.

An external ambulatory medical system configured to be worn by a patient and release a fluid to the patient's skin before providing therapy is provided. The medical system includes a garment configured to be worn about the patient's torso, a medical device controller configured to receive cardiac signals of the patient, and a plurality of therapy electrodes configured to be operably connected to the medical device controller and disposed in the garment. Each of the plurality of therapy electrodes includes a pressure source configured to provide a pressurized fluid to facilitate conductive gel deployment for the medical system. The pressure source includes a reservoir containing the pressurized fluid and at least one release mechanism configured to cause a release of the pressurized fluid from the reservoir to an exit port of the pressure source when the medical system is preparing to deliver a therapeutic shock to the patient.

Disclosed are an adhesive transparent electrode and a method of fabricating the same. More particularly, an adhesive transparent electrode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a substrate and an adhesive silicone-based polymer matrix, in which a metal nanowire network is embedded, deposited on the substrate, wherein the adhesive silicone-based polymer matrix includes a silicone-based polymer including a silicone-based polymer base and a silicone-based polymer crosslinker; and a non-ionic surfactant.

Provided is an electrode comprising a sheet material, wherein the sheet material comprises a conductive portion which is continuous so that the sheet material has electrical conductivity in a thickness direction thereof, wherein the conductive portion comprises an electrical conductor distributed in the conductive portion so that the sheet material has electrical conductivity in the thickness direction thereof.

A Carbon NanoTube (CNT) composite electrode includes a lower electrode having a through-hole formed therein, and configured to be attached to the skin of a subject body to detect a biosignal, an upper electrode provided on one surface of the lower electrode to form an enclosed space between the lower electrode and the upper electrode, and configured to receive the biosignal detected by the lower electrode, and an air discharge portion formed in at least one of the lower electrode and the upper electrode, and discharging air present in the enclosed space and the through-hole externally so as to be configured to allow the upper electrode and the lower electrode to be attached to the skin of the subject body via vacuum suction.

The invention relates to a hydrogel comprising cross-linked copolymer chains, wherein some of the repetitive units of the copolymer are based on functionalized monomers that contain both a polymerizable group and a complexing group, wherein the functionalized monomers further contain a cationic group, and wherein the hydrogel comprises anions corresponding to said cationic groups.

An exemplary apparatus and method are provided for suppressing an inflammation or an inflammatory cytokine production. For example, the exemplary apparatus and method can cause a weak pulse current to be passed through a living body or living tissue to suppress the inflammation in the living body or the living tissue. The exemplary apparatus can include a power supply device, and a current control device for receiving a supply of power to intermittently apply a direct current at prescribed intervals. The current control device can include a pulse width modulation control device, and the pulse width modulation control device can generate a pulse wave that is a rectangular wave. A time indicating a peak value for rising in one cycle of the pulse wave (pulse duration) can be at least 0.1 millisecond, the peak value can be in the range of 1.0V to 20 V, inclusive, and the duty ratio of the pulse wave can be at least 5.5%.

The present invention provides a biomedical electrode composition capable of forming a living body contact layer for a biomedical electrode that is excellent in conductivity and biocompatibility, is light-weight, can be manufactured at low cost, and can control significant reduction in conductivity even though the biomedical electrode is soaked in water or dried. The present invention was accomplished by a biomedical electrode composition including a polymer compound having both the ionic repeating unit a and the repeating unit b of (meth)acrylate, in which the ionic repeating unit a is a repeating unit of sodium salt, potassium salt, or ammonium salt including a partial structure represented by the following general formula (1), and the repeating unit b of (meth)acrylate is a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (2).

##STR00001##

Systems, devices and methods for providing a pressurized fluid for facilitating conductive gel release prior to providing cardiac therapy to a patient are disclosed. A first system can include a chemical reaction chamber including a first chemical and a second chemical isolated from each other by a mechanical barrier. The mechanical barrier is configured to be compromised upon receiving a signal from an electrotherapy device controller such that the first chemical and second chemical come into contact to produce a sufficient amount of pressurized fluid. An alternative system can include a pressure source comprising a reservoir containing a pressurized fluid. The pressure source can also include at least one release mechanism configured to cause a release of the pressurized fluid from the reservoir to an exit port of the pressure source when a wearable medical device is preparing to deliver a therapeutic shock to a patient.

Described herein are methods for generating a coated device, electrode, or portion of an electrode for implanting into a subject. Such devices and electrodes are generated using methods like atomic layer deposition. In some cases, methods like etching are used to expose portions of a coated surface. The methods described herein improve overall hermeticity, biocompatibility, and biostability of implantable devices.