A process for the treatment of waste water, spent air, and hydrocarbon containing liquid and gaseous streams in the cumene/phenol complex is described. Various effluent streams are combined in appropriate collection vessels, including a spent air knockout drum, a hydrocarbon buffer vessel, a fuel gas knockout drum, a phenolic water vessel, and a non-phenolic water vessel. Streams from these vessels are sent to a thermal oxidation system.

To provide an oxygen-absorbing polyester resin composition which exhibits excellent oxygen-absorbing capability even in the absence of transition metal catalyst without affected by the glass transition temperature of a polyester resin that is contained as a base resin. The oxygen-absorbing polyester resin composition including a base resin (A) which is a polyester resin, an oxygen-absorbing component (B) which is a compound having an unsaturated alicyclic structure, and an oxidation promotion component (C) for promoting the oxidation of the oxygen-absorbing component (B), said oxidation promotion component (C) being a compound having a benzyl hydrogen.

The invention present provides a method (and suitable apparatus) to convert biomass to ethanol, comprising gasifying the biomass to produce raw syngas; feeding the raw syngas to an acid-gas removal unit to remove at least some CO.sub.2 and produce a conditioned syngas stream; feeding the conditioned syngas stream to a fermentor to biologically convert the syngas to ethanol; capturing a tail gas from an exit of the fermentor, wherein the tail gas comprises at least CO.sub.2 and unconverted CO or H.sub.2; and recycling a first portion of the tail gas to the fermentor and/or a second portion of the tail gas to the acid-gas removal unit. This invention allows for increased syngas conversion to ethanol, improved process efficiency, and better overall biorefinery economics for conversion of biomass to ethanol.

A process and method for removing hydrogen sulfide from a gas and regenerating ferric ions consumed in the hydrogen sulfide scrubbing process at low pH. A two-scrubber regenerative chemical scrubbing system for removing hydrogen sulfide from a gas that provides an economical system for removing hydrogen sulfide from a gas at low pH without the need for chelating agents. An oxide of manganese is used as a catalyst to enhance the regeneration of ferric ions in an aqueous solution under acidic conditions in the presence of oxygen. The process may further include contacting the aqueous solution with a second gas comprising air to replenish the dissolved oxygen in the aqueous solution. The regenerated solution comprising ferric ions can be reused to treat additional hydrogen sulfide containing gases.

An apparatus and method for treating a semiconductor process gas comprises a gas inlet allowing a treatment target gas (or gas to be treated) to flow therethrough; a catalytic reaction portion including a catalyst and configured to allow the treatment target gas to be brought into contact with the catalyst; a space velocity controller between the gas inlet and the catalytic reaction portion, the space velocity controller extending from the gas inlet in a diagonal direction in relation to the gas inlet; a differential pressure buffer portion between the space velocity controller and the catalytic reaction portion and including a filter; and a gas outlet configured to externally discharge a product formed as the treatment target gas comes into contact with the catalyst.

Disclosed is a compact venturi scrubber, used for removing undesirable materials from a gas stream, that includes a gas inlet section, a discharge section aligned with the gas inlet section, the discharge section having a base defined by the intersection of the gas inlet section and the discharge section, a diverging interior surface, and a diverging angle defined by the diverging interior surface, a nozzle, and a liquid inlet through which a liquid scrubbing medium is introduced to the nozzle, wherein the nozzle produces a full spray pattern directed towards the base of the discharge section with a sufficiently large discharge angle so that a cross-sectional area of the full spray pattern produced by the nozzle at the point it intersects with the base of the discharge section fully covers, and substantially matches the size and shape of, the cross-sectional area of the base of the discharge section.

Waste gas mixtures produced and used in industry may contain harmful sulphurous compounds. The present disclosure provides a method for treatment of gas mixtures contaminated with harmful sulphurous compounds by using microorganisms capable of degrading said harmful sulphurous compounds which involves controlling nitrate levels in the medium in which microbiological conversion of harmful sulphurous compounds takes place at high levels.

A plasma abatement process for abating effluent containing compounds from a processing chamber is described. A plasma abatement process takes gaseous foreline effluent from a processing chamber, such as a deposition chamber, and reacts the effluent within a plasma chamber placed in the foreline path. The plasma dissociates the compounds within the effluent, converting the effluent into more benign compounds. Abating reagents may assist in the abating of the compounds. The abatement process may be a volatizing or a condensing abatement process. Representative volatilizing abating reagents include, for example, CH.sub.4, H.sub.2O, H.sub.2, NF.sub.3, SF.sub.6, F.sub.2, HCl, HF, Cl.sub.2, and HBr. Representative condensing abating reagents include, for example, H.sub.2, H.sub.2O, O.sub.2, N.sub.2, O.sub.3, CO, CO.sub.2, NH.sub.3, N.sub.2O, CH.sub.4, and combinations thereof.

A system includes an electrodialysis device with a salinate chamber through which a salinate stream flows. A desalinate chamber is separated from the salinate chamber by a central, ion-selective membrane. A desalinate stream flows through the desalinate chamber. An anolyte chamber and a catholyte chamber are on opposite outer sides of the salinate and desalinate chambers and separated therefrom by first and second ionic exchange membranes. A solvent exchange interface is in contact on a first side with the salinate stream and is in contact a media flow on a second side. The solvent exchange interface moves a solvent from the media flow to the salinate stream.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method of regenerating at least one filter medium comprising: providing at least one filter medium, wherein the at least one filter medium comprises: at least one catalyst material; and ammonium bisulfate (ABS) deposits, ammonium sulfate (AS) deposits, or any combination thereof; flowing a flue gas stream transverse to a cross-section of a filter medium, such that the flue gas stream passes through the cross section of the at least one filter medium, wherein the flue gas stream comprises: NOx compounds comprising: Nitric Oxide (NO), and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO.sub.2); and increasing an NOx removal efficiency of the at least one filter medium after removal of deposits.