A method for removing hydrogen sulfide from a liquid stream is described. The method includes contacting the liquid stream including a first amount of hydrogen sulfide with a first side of a porous gas-liquid separation membrane. The hydrogen sulfide moves through the pores of the membrane from the first side to a second, opposite side of the membrane. The method further includes contacting a receiving fluid with the second, opposite side of the porous membrane to receive the hydrogen sulfide. The liquid stream is thus converted to a reduced-sulfide liquid stream having a second amount of hydrogen sulfide that is less than the first amount of hydrogen sulfide. A method for removing ammonia from a liquid stream is also described.

An oxygenator includes: a housing; a bubble-removing hollow fiber membrane layer removing a bubble; a gas-exchanging hollow fiber membrane layer exchanging a gas with blood; and a discharge port to discharge the bubble removed by the bubble-removing hollow fiber membrane layer to the outside of the housing. The oxygenator further includes a gas permeable portion that is arranged between the discharge port and an end portion of the bubble-removing hollow fiber membrane layer, is formed by a member having gas permeability, and allows passage of the bubble removed by the bubble-removing hollow fiber membrane layer without allowing passage of plasma leaking through the bubble-removing hollow fiber membrane layer. A plasma capture chamber that captures the plasma leaking through the bubble-removing hollow fiber membrane layer is formed between the end portion of the bubble-removing hollow fiber membrane layer and the gas permeable portion.

Provided herein is a stand-alone self-powered portable direct-air-capture (DAC) carbon dioxide removal system. In some embodiments the DAC compromises 1) a wind turbine; 2) at least one solar panel; 3) an energy storage device; 4) a liquid-air contactor; 5) an electrodialysis bipolar membrane (EDBM) device; 6) an acid tank; 7) a base tank; 8) a mixing tank, and 9) at least one CO.sub.2 sequestration pump. In some embodiments, the liquid-air contactor overcomes the need to pass large amounts of air over the contactor device using wind. In some embodiments, the EDBM lowers energy requirements to less than 1.2 MJ/Kg CO.sub.2 compared to thermal regeneration systems (3.5-4 MJ/Kg/CO.sub.2).

A blood processing apparatus includes an optional heat exchanger and a gas exchanger disposed within a housing. In some instances, the gas exchanger can include a screen filter spirally wound into the gas exchanger such that blood passing through the gas exchanger passes through the screen filter and is filtered by the spirally wound screen filter a plurality of times.

The present invention relates to processes and systems for ammonia recovery and/or acid-gas separation. In some embodiments, a system for acid gas separation may be integrated with an ammonia abatement cycle employing a high temperature absorber. In some embodiments, a system for acid gas separation may employ a higher temperature absorber due to the lower energy consumption and cost of the integrated ammonia abatement cycle. Advantageously, heat may be recovered from the absorber to power at least a portion of any acid gas desorption in the process. Reverse osmosis or other membranes may be employed.

Provided herein are tubular membrane filter elements, tangential flow filtration systems comprising such filter elements and methods of using such filter elements and filtration systems.

A sheet-shaped hollow fiber membrane module includes a casing having a flat shape, the casing including a supply port and a discharge port, and a plurality of hollow fiber membranes accommodated inside the casing. The casing includes a plurality of the supply ports on one main surface of the casing and a plurality of the discharge ports on the other main surface of the casing, at least one of the plurality of the supply ports is closable, and at least one of the plurality of the discharge ports is closable. Each of the plurality of hollow fiber membranes includes a first opening at one end of the hollow fiber membrane and a second opening at the other end of the hollow fiber membrane, and the first opening and the second opening communicate with an outside of the casing and do not communicate with an inside of the casing.

An oxygenator comprising a hollow-fibre film bundle is surrounded at least in certain areas by a bubble-retaining filter. In order to ensure an optimal function of the hollow-fibre film bundle and the bubble-retaining filter, it is proposed that a gas-permeable retaining structure is arranged between hollow-fibre film bundle and bubble-retaining filter.

A heat exchanger for an oxygenator device has multiple hollow fiber membranes that each have a hollow portion through which a heat medium passes, wherein the fibers are wound as a cylinder body. Each of the hollow fiber membranes follows a path between opposing ends of the cylinder body which is tilted with respect to a central axis of the cylinder body and is wound around the central axis of the cylinder body, wherein a tilt angle with respect to the central axis ranges from 22 to smaller than 67, and wherein a constituent material of each of the hollow fiber membranes has a Young's modulus E ranging from 2.6 GPa to 0.07 GPa. During winding, the hollow fiber membranes are stretched according to a stretching rate between 0.5% and 3.0% and then fixed at the ends to maintain the stretching.

To provide method and apparatus for producing alkaline water, capable of preventing mixture of fine particles derived from a gas dissolving membrane device into hydrogen water. An apparatus for producing alkaline water for cleaning electronic device includes: a pH adjusting device 11 configured to adjust ultrapure water to be alkaline; a deaeration device 13 configured to deaerate the ultrapure water adjusted to be alkaline; and a gas dissolving membrane device 14 having a gas permeable membrane to dissolve functional gas into the deaerated ultrapure water.