The invention relates to a process for producing methanol and to a plant for producing methanol. A first fresh gas suitable for production of methanol is precompressed by a first compressor stage to obtain a second fresh gas. The second fresh gas is merged with a recycle gas stream and further compressed to synthesis pressure in a second compressor stage. Catalytic conversion of the thus obtained synthesis gas stream in a plurality of serially arranged reactor stages with intermediate condensation and separation of the crude methanol reduces the recycle gas amount in the synthesis circuit to such an extent that recycle gas may be directly recycled to the second fresh gas stream, thus ensuring that no recycle gas compressor stage is required and that the total compressor power may be reduced.

An olefin and methanol co-production plant for co-production of an olefin and methanol from a source gas containing methane includes: an olefin production unit for producing the olefin; and a methanol production unit for producing methanol from a carbon oxide gas in the olefin production unit. The olefin production unit includes a partial oxidative coupling device for producing the olefin by partial oxidative coupling reaction of methane contained in the source gas. The methanol production unit includes a reforming device for producing hydrogen by reforming reaction of methane, and a methanol production device for producing methanol by reaction with hydrogen produced by the reforming device. At least one of the reforming device or the methanol production device is configured to perform reaction using the carbon oxide gas in the olefin production unit.

A system and method for producing a high-purity and high-activity vanadium electrolyte, comprising converting high-purity vanadium oxytrichloride into an ammonium salt in a fluidized bed by gas phase ammoniation, then in another fluidized bed, reducing the ammonium salt into a low-valence vanadium oxide having an average vanadium valence of 3.5, adding clean water and sulfuric acid for dissolution, and further performing activation by ultrasound to obtain a 3.5-valence vanadium electrolyte which can be directly used in a new all-vanadium redox flow battery stack. The method of producing an ammonium salt containing vanadium in the fluidized bed by gas phase ammoniation is of short process and high efficiency. Precise regulation of the valence state of the reduction product is implemented by arranging an internal member in the reduction fluidized bed, and ultrasonication is used to activate the vanadium ion, thereby greatly improving the activity of the electrolyte.

The present invention relates to an integrated process to convert crude oil into petrochemical products comprising crude oil distillation, hydrocracking and olefins synthesis, which process comprises subjecting a hydrocracker feed to hydrocracking to produce LPG and BTX and subjecting the LPG produced in the process to olefins synthesis. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a process installation to convert crude oil into petrochemical products comprising: a crude distillation unit comprising an inlet for crude oil and at least one outlet for one or more of naphtha, kerosene and gasoil; a hydrocracker comprising an inlet for a hydrocracker feed, an outlet for LPG and an outlet for BTX; and a unit for olefins synthesis comprising an inlet for LPG produced by the integrated petrochemical process installation and an outlet for olefins. The hydrocracker feed used in the process and the process installation of the present invention comprises one or more of naphtha, kerosene and gasoil produced by crude oil distillation in the process; and refinery unit-derived light-distillate and/or refinery unit-derived middle-distillate produced in the process. The process and process installation of the present invention have an increased production of petrochemicals at the expense of the production of fuels and an improved carbon efficiency in terms of the conversion of crude oils into petrochemicals.

Disclosed herein is a modular process plant structural system which includes numerous modules, all ISO-certified under ISO 1496 and capable of holding within the entire module at least one chemical (or non-chemical) production plant piece of equipment, capable of individually being shipped or transported. The modules can be stacked vertically, horizontally, or mixed (both vertical and horizontal arrangement). The modules are pre-fabricated offsite, built with the desired equipment within the module, pre-plumbed with piping, instrumentation, and electrical wiring, and then the multiple modules are shipped multimodally as ISO 1496 containers to the desired location and assembled to form a plant. Generally, two or more modules are connected together to form a complete plant. The plant can be of any type, e.g., chemical, mechanical/production, thermal, and the like, or of any size, e.g., production, small, micro, or pilot plant scale. When no longer needed, the plant may be disassembled and reused at another site or facility.

A system and method for producing a high-purity and high-activity vanadium electrolyte, comprising converting high-purity vanadium oxytrichloride into an ammonium salt in a fluidized bed by gas phase ammoniation, then in another fluidized bed, reducing the ammonium salt into a low-valence vanadium oxide having an average vanadium valence of 3.5, adding clean water and sulfuric acid for dissolution, and further performing activation by ultrasound to obtain a 3.5-valence vanadium electrolyte which can be directly used in a new all-vanadium redox flow battery stack. The method of producing an ammonium salt containing vanadium in the fluidized bed by gas phase ammoniation is of short process and high efficiency. Precise regulation of the valence state of the reduction product is implemented by arranging an internal member in the reduction fluidized bed, and ultrasonication is used to activate the vanadium ion, thereby greatly improving the activity of the electrolyte.

Alkylate is produced by supplying iso-C.sub.4+ hydrocarbon feed to an alkylation reactor, and by further selectively supplying to the alkylation reactor an olefin selected from the group consisting of refinery grade propylene (RGP) and polymer grade propylene (PGP), and combinations thereof. The olefin feed is controlled such that the proportion of PGP supplied through the olefin feed inlet exceeds that of RGP for a predetermined time interval, using a special purpose computer programmed to optimize the allocation of PGP between alkylation production and a commodity market in order to increase total net profit margin.

Alkylate is produced by supplying iso-C.sub.4+ hydrocarbon feed to an alkylation reactor, and by further selectively supplying to the alkylation reactor an olefin selected from the group consisting of refinery grade propylene (RGP) and polymer grade propylene (PGP), and combinations thereof. The olefin feed is controlled such that the proportion of PGP supplied through the olefin feed inlet exceeds that of RGP for a predetermined time interval, using a special purpose computer programmed to optimize the allocation of PGP between alkylation production and a commodity market in order to increase total net profit margin.

Alkylate is produced by supplying iso-C.sub.4+ hydrocarbon feed to an alkylation reactor, and by further selectively supplying to the alkylation reactor an olefin selected from the group consisting of refinery grade propylene (RGP) and polymer grade propylene (PGP), and combinations thereof. The olefin feed is controlled such that the proportion of PGP supplied through the olefin feed inlet exceeds that of RGP for a predetermined time interval, using a special purpose computer programmed to optimize the allocation of PGP between alkylation production and a commodity market in order to increase total net profit margin.

The invention contributes to a cost effective way to solve the problem of trace ammonia removal from a hydrogen and nitrogen containing gas. The set of catalysts of the invention selectively oxidized ammonia in ppm concentration even in gas mixtures containing hydrogen gas in concentrations of three orders of magnitude higher than the concentration of ammonia.