The present invention relates to an electrode active material, a method for manufacturing the same, and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same. A method for producing carbide using bean curd or waste bean curd according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of: drying bean curd or waste bean curd; thermally treating the dried bean curd or waste bean curd under an air atmosphere; and carbonizing the thermally treated bean curd or waste bean curd under an inert gas atmosphere.

A crystalline pigment or colorant composition having high color intensity and/or low sugar content, and methods and processes of preparation. The composition may comprise purified fruit and/or vegetable color juices.

Disclosed are a diaryl carbonate containing a compound of the following formula (I) in an amount of less than 1,000 ppm by mass, and a method for producing the same: ##STR00001## wherein R.sup.l represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, or an aryloxy group. Disclosed methods include reacting urea with an alkyl alcohol to provide a dialkyl carbonate; reacting the dialkyl carbonate with an aryl alcohol to provide an alkylaryl carbonate; subjecting the alkylaryl carbonate to disproportionation to yield a mixture comprising a diaryl carbonate; and purifying the mixture.

The present disclosure relates to processes for treating an aqueous composition comprising lithium sulfate and sulfuric acid. The processes comprise evaporatively crystallizing the aqueous composition comprising lithium sulfate and sulfuric acid under conditions to obtain crystals of lithium sulfate monohydrate and a lithium sulfate-reduced solution; and optionally separating the crystals of the lithium sulfate monohydrate from the lithium sulfate-reduced solution. The processes optionally further comprise concentrating the lithium sulfate-reduced solution under conditions to obtain an acidic condensate and a concentrate comprising sulfuric acid.

Disclosed is a method for purifying sucralose, including: removing a solvent from a sucralose reaction solution to obtain a concentrated crude sucralose solution; under stirring, adding ethyl acetate into the concentrated crude sucralose solution, heating to a preset temperature, and holding at the preset temperature for a first preset time to obtain a crude product slurry with a certain amount of a sucralose crystal; and subjecting the crude product slurry to gradient cooling to an endpoint temperature, holding at the endpoint temperature for a second preset time, and filtering to obtain a sucralose crystal.

A crystalline pigment or colorant composition having high color intensity and/or low sugar content, and methods and processes of preparation. The composition may comprise purified fruit and/or vegetable color juices.

Controlling aerosol production during absorption in ammonia-based desulfurization. The absorption reaction temperature, the oxygen content and water content of the process gas may be controlled, and an absorption circulating liquid containing ammonium sulfite may be used for removing sulfur dioxide in flue gas, so as to control aerosol production during absorption in the ammonia-based desulfurization

A method for refining lithium from a crude brine includes charging a crude brine into a feeder tank held at a temperature T.sub.1 and containing a sufficient carbonate source to precipitate all carbonate-forming solids in the crude brine to form a precipitate mixture and a crystal free supernatant; pumping the crystal free supernatant from the feeder tank to a first crystallization reactor that is held at a temperature T.sub.2 to crystallize a lithium carbonate salt out of the crystal free supernatant; wherein the temperature T.sub.1 is lower than the temperature T.sub.2; and controlling a flow rate to maintain a steady state concentration of the lithium carbonate salt in the solution phase of the crystallization reactor.

A crystalline pigment or colorant composition having high color intensity and/or low sugar content, and methods and processes of preparation. The composition may comprise purified fruit and/or vegetable color juices.

The present invention relates to an electrode active material, a method for manufacturing the same, and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same. A method for producing carbide using bean curd or waste bean curd according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of: drying bean curd or waste bean curd; thermally treating the dried bean curd or waste bean curd under an air atmosphere; and carbonizing the thermally treated bean curd or waste bean curd under an inert gas atmosphere.