Methods of fabricating a porous membrane are disclosed. The first method includes the following operations. A mesoporous silica thin film with perpendicular mesopore channels is grown on a polymer film. The mesoporous silica thin film and the polymer film are transferred onto a macroporous substrate, in which the polymer film is positioned between the macroporous substrate and the mesoporous silica thin film. The polymer film is removed to form the porous membrane. The second method includes the following operations. A polymer film is formed on a macroporous substrate, wherein the polymer film includes crosslinked polymers including cross-linked polystyrene, cross-linked polymethyl methacrylate, or a combination thereof. A mesoporous silica thin film with perpendicular mesopore channels is grown on the polymer film. The polymer film is removed to form the porous membrane.

The present invention relates to the field of composite membrane and discloses a polyurethane/polyvinylidene fluoride composite membrane for extracting organic sulfide from naphtha. The polyurethane/polyvinylidene fluoride composite membrane includes an active layer and a support layer where the active layer is a polyurethane casting membrane and the support layer is a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane. The polyurethane/polyvinylidene fluoride composite membrane is prepared by coating the active layer onto the support layer. At the same time, a preparation method for the polyurethane/polyvinylidene fluoride composite membrane is disclosed. The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the polyurethane/polyvinylidene fluoride composite membrane prepared in the present invention may be used to extract organic sulfide in naphtha with high separation efficiency. Further, the composite membrane almost does not change the octane number and the like of the raw material oil, thereby improving the extraction rate of the organic sulfide.

Disclosed is a urea biosensor that is stable at ambient temperature, and methods of making thereof.

Disclosed are multi-enzyme biosensors that are stable at ambient temperature, and methods of making thereof.

The disclosure relates to electrochemical sensors for measuring creatinine and creatine in a patient's blood. More particularly, the disclosure relates to compositions and methods for improving measurement accuracy of electrochemical sensors used for measuring creatinine and creatine.

The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of a tube with an outer diameter in the range of from 10 μm to 250 μm consisting of a composition comprising a thermoplastic polyurethane as well as to a tube with an outer diameter in the range of from 10 μm to 250 μm consisting of a composition comprising a thermoplastic polyurethane obtained or obtainable by the process according to the invention. The invention is further directed to the use of a tube according to the invention as a tube for the transportation of a fluid or as gas membrane tube or as an elastic fiber.

The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of a tube with an outer diameter in the range of from 10 μm to 250 μm consisting of a composition comprising a thermoplastic polyurethane as well as to a tube with an outer diameter in the range of from 10 μm to 250 μm consisting of a composition comprising a thermoplastic polyurethane obtained or obtainable by the process according to the invention. The invention is further directed to the use of a tube according to the invention as a tube for the transportation of a fluid or as gas membrane tube or as an elastic fiber.

Provided are a compound represented by formula (Ia) below, a polymer obtained by using the compound as a synthesis raw material, a gas separation membrane having a gas separation layer including the polymer, and a gas separation module and a gas separation apparatus that have the gas separation membrane.

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R.sup.A and R.sup.B represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or a halogen atom.

L.sup.A represents —CF.sub.2—, —CF(CF.sub.3)—, —C(═O)—, —CH.sub.2—, —CH(CH.sub.3)—, or —CH(CF.sub.3)— or a group obtained by combining the foregoing groups. L.sup.A has 4 or less carbon atoms.

Disclosed are multi-enzyme biosensors that are stable at ambient temperature, and methods of making thereof.

A method for making a gas separation membrane comprises dissolving and mixing poly(ether-b-amide) (Pebax) copolymer and acrylate-terminated polyethylene glycol oligomers (PEGDA) in a solvent, casting the polymer solution into a mold, removing the solvent to form a film, adding a photoinitiator to the film and irradiating the film with ultraviolet radiation to induce crosslinking of the PEGDA in the film, producing XLPEGDA, and submerging the film after exposure in a crosslinking solution to form crosslinked Pebax (XLPebax) in the film, wherein the crosslinking solution comprises one of a diisocyanate, a diisocyanate derivative and a combination of a diiscyanate and a diisocyanate derivative.