Nano filtering and pumping systems and methods of use thereof for nanoscale gaseous materials by utilizing materials having nanosized perforations through the materials. The perforations generally have an inner diameter similar to that of nanotubes, and in some embodiments, carbon nanotubes are disposed within the perforations. Such materials can partially organize molecules in random motion to move either some selectively or all of them, to create pressure differences and hence motive forces, or cause air flow into pressurized area. Because air is a cloud of particles separated by vacuum, the systems and method in air can be used to create motive force pushing any form of vehicle, lifting force for any form of air vehicle, air compression, power source for any form of machine, conveyor or generator, using the solar energy stored in the air in the form of heat, 24 hours a day, worldwide.

Provided is a water purifier comprising: a filter unit which has a reverse osmosis membrane filter; a supply valve; an instantaneous heating device which is provided with an inflow port, and an outflow port, and which heats and purified water entering through the inflow port and flowing to the outflow port, so that hot water is discharged through the outflow port; an extraction member; a supply pump; a domestic water drain line; a hot water drain line; a hot water drain valve; and a control unit which controls the opening/closing of respective flow channels of the hot water drain line and the domestic water drain line so that, among a hot water draining process through the hot water drain line, and a domestic water draining process through the domestic water drain line, the hot water draining process is carried out first.

Provided is a water purifier comprising: a filter unit which has a reverse osmosis membrane filter; a supply valve; an instantaneous heating device which is provided with an inflow port, and an outflow port, and which heats and purified water entering through the inflow port and flowing to the outflow port, so that hot water is discharged through the outflow port; an extraction member; a supply pump; a domestic water drain line; a hot water drain line; a hot water drain valve; and a control unit which controls the opening/closing of respective flow channels of the hot water drain line and the domestic water drain line so that, among a hot water draining process through the hot water drain line, and a domestic water draining process through the domestic water drain line, the hot water draining process is carried out first.

A membrane distillation system includes a hollow fiber aerator configured to provide gas bubbles to a relatively cool permeate stream so that the relatively cool permeate stream contains gas bubbles when it contacts a porous and hydrophobic membrane in a direct contact membrane distillation process. The system can further include an additional hollow fiber aerator configured to provide gas bubbles to a relatively hot feed stream so that the relatively hot feed stream contains gas bubbles when it contacts a porous and hydrophobic membrane in a direct contact membrane distillation process.

In order to provide a hydrogen purification device in which a source gas is supplied, from which a purified gas flows out, that is easily manufacturable, and in which the pressure resistance of an hydrogen permeable membrane is high, the hydrogen purification device is configured to include a hydrogen permeable membrane allowing hydrogen to selectively permeate therethrough, two porous supports that sandwich and support the hydrogen permeable membrane from both surfaces thereof, and a casing having a space formed therein configured to accommodate reaction of the source gas and the hydrogen permeable membrane. The porous supports are contained inside the casing, an outermost edge of the hydrogen permeable membrane extends outward from the outer edges of the porous supports in at least one location, and a peripheral portion of the hydrogen permeable membrane in a vicinity of the outermost edge and the casing are airtightly sealed to each other.

A membrane distillation apparatus includes a housing and an impeller. The housing includes a hot medium compartment, a cold medium compartment, an air gap compartment, a membrane, and a thermally conductive plate. The hot medium compartment includes a hot medium inlet configured to receive a hot medium stream including water. The cold medium compartment includes a cold medium inlet configured to receive a cold medium stream. The membrane defines pores that are sized to allow water vapor originating from the hot medium stream to pass from the hot medium compartment through the membrane to the air gap compartment. The thermally conductive plate and the cold medium stream are cooperatively configured to condense the water vapor from the hot medium stream. The air gap compartment is substantially filled with air and includes a permeate outlet configured to discharge the condensed water vapor. The impeller is disposed within the air gap compartment.

A method for desalination of hot supersaturated water having a temperature of between 40° C. and 80°, includes contacting the hot water with a reverse osmosis membrane which is resistant to temperatures of between 40 and 80° C. without a prior cooling step.

A method for desalination of hot supersaturated water having a temperature of between 40° C. and 80°, includes contacting the hot water with a reverse osmosis membrane which is resistant to temperatures of between 40 and 80° C. without a prior cooling step.

A filtration system suitable for recovering base stock from used lubricating oil and other applications pass feedstock over nano-filtration membranes assembled as a stack of membranes all experiencing parallel flow. On exiting a first stack of membranes the feedstock passes through an opening in a pressure-sustaining separator plate to flow in the reverse direction past a second stack of membranes and subsequently establish a serpentine flow of feedstock through multiple stacks of membranes. The stacks of membranes all share a common pressure containment vessel. Pressure boosters installed in the flow-through openings of separator plates separating consecutive stacks can serve to restore lost pressure of the feedstock and maintain effective permeation of permeate through the membranes. A pressure control valve at the outlet to the permeate-receiving cavities of a stack can be used to adjust the trans-membrane pressure.

A corrosion-resistant cover system, having a corrosion-resistant cover structured and configured to be arrangeable around an object having one or more metallic surfaces that are susceptible to corrosion. The corrosion-resistant cover is operable to provide increased corrosion resistance to the object by preventing contact between the one or more metallic surfaces and ambient conditions exterior to the corrosion-resistant cover.