The method for purifying oses from hemicellulose originating from lignocellulosic biomass includes eliminating the cellulose matrix and the solid residues and/or the suspended materials from the acid hydrolysate containing oses in order to obtain a clarified hydrolysate, and subjecting the clarified hydrolysate, without adding any basic chemical reagent to increase the pH to at least one step of ultrafiltration and/or to at least one step of nanofiltration, so as to obtain a filtrate containing the majority of the pentoses and a retentate containing the species likely to precipitate under the effect of an increase in the pH. The filtrate is treated by at least one step of electrodialysis so as to recover the acid catalyst from an acid-supplemented solution, and obtain a deacidified filtrate.

A filtration system suitable for recovering base stock from used lubricating oil and other applications pass feedstock over nano-filtration membranes assembled as a stack of membranes all experiencing parallel flow. On exiting a first stack of membranes the feedstock passes through an opening in a pressure-sustaining separator plate to flow in the reverse direction past a second stack of membranes and subsequently establish a serpentine flow of feedstock through multiple stacks of membranes. The stacks of membranes all share a common pressure containment vessel. Pressure boosters installed in the flow-through openings of separator plates separating consecutive stacks can serve to restore lost pressure of the feedstock and maintain effective permeation of permeate through the membranes. A pressure control valve at the outlet to the permeate-receiving cavities of a stack can be used to adjust the trans-membrane pressure.

A filtration system suitable for recovering base stock from used lubricating oil and other applications pass feedstock over nano-filtration membranes assembled as a stack of membranes all experiencing parallel flow. On exiting a first stack of membranes the feedstock passes through an opening in a pressure-sustaining separator plate to flow in the reverse direction past a second stack of membranes and subsequently establish a serpentine flow of feedstock through multiple stacks of membranes. The stacks of membranes all share a common pressure containment vessel. Pressure boosters installed in the flow-through openings of separator plates separating consecutive stacks can serve to restore lost pressure of the feedstock and maintain effective permeation of permeate through the membranes. A pressure control valve at the outlet to the permeate-receiving cavities of a stack can be used to adjust the trans-membrane pressure.

A method of reducing haze by creating a physically stable alcoholic beverage that has been obtained via filtration and separation processes includes receiving retentate from which water has been removed, from a reverse osmosis filter system having an initial alcoholic precursor to the alcoholic beverage in a feed stream, wherein a concentration of alcohol in the retentate has reached between about 10% and 40% by volume, cooling the retentate to a temperature between about 2 degrees below a freezing point of the retentate and a freezing point of the initial alcoholic precursor to the alcoholic beverage in the feed stream, and subjecting the retentate to a clarification process that removes particles having a size of about 0.4-0.8 microns and larger to produce a clarified retentate. The clarification process includes centrifuging, filtration using a filter, and/or forming a supernate and a precipitate and then decanting the supernate.

Provided are methods, devices, and kits for the isolation of extracellular vesicles using silicon nanomembranes. A method for EV isolation includes the steps of collecting a biofluid sample, contacting the biofluid sample with a pre-filtration membrane, thereby forming a first filtrate and a first retentate, optionally, washing the first retentate of the pre-filtration membrane, contacting the first filtrate from the pre-filtration membrane with a capture membrane, thereby forming a second filtrate and a second retentate, optionally, washing the second retentate, and eluting the second retentate from the capture membrane or lysing the second retentate to recover the contents.

This disclosure describes methods to separate solids from liquids in a production facility. A process separates components in the process stream by using a mechanical device to separate the solids from the liquids based on a density difference. The process produces the liquids and solids, which may be further processed to create valuable animal feed products.

For powering a vehicle, a high energy density fuel is preferred. However, for example when the high energy fuel is highly concentrated hydrogen peroxide, this fuel may be dangerous to handle; especially when the person handling the fuel is a normal consumer filling a fuel reservoir of his vehicle at a gas station. The present invention therefore provides a vehicle arranged to receive a diluted—and thus safer—fuel, and to density this fuel to a concentrated fuel in low quantities on board for direct use. To this end a fuel densifier is provided in the vehicle arranged for receiving liquid diluted fuel and arranged to provide a concentrated fuel based on the diluted fuel, the concentrated fuel having a higher energy density than the diluted fuel. A power conversion module of the vehicle is arranged to convert the concentrated fuel to kinetic energy for powering the vehicle.

Disclosed herein is a process for isolating phospholipids from milk by-products, such as acid whey, the process comprising: a) exposing milk by-products to filtration, thereby enriching for phospholipids; and b) solubilizing and removing whey proteins and caseins; thereby isolating phospholipids from the milk by-product. Also disclosed are products produced by this method.

Disclosed is a method for resolving an optical isomer from a racemate by means of electrodialysis. Specifically, an electrodialysis technique is used in an enzymatic resolution process, mainly in the separation of products after enzymatic resolution. Taking a preparation process for D-pantolactone as an example, the key point is that D-pantoic acid and L-pantolactone are separated from an enzymatic resolution solution by means of an electrodialysis method, which replaces the existing organic solvent extraction method. The process method is simple and easy to operate, has a high yield of D-pantoic acid of a good purity, greatly reduces the usage amount of an organic solvent, reduces production costs and is environmentally friendly, such that the working environment of workers can be improved to a great extent, and the operation safety index is improved.

The present invention is directed to sunflower protein products, very low in, or free of, beany, green, vegetable or similar flavour notes and useful for the fortification of food and beverage products and prepared without the use of salt in the process. The sunflower protein products of the present invention are obtained by extracting sunflower protein source with water to form an aqueous sunflower solution, at least partially separating the aqueous sunflower protein solution from residual sunflower protein source, adjusting the pH of the aqueous sunflower protein solution to a pH between about 1.5 to about 3.5 to solubilize the bulk of the protein and form an acidified sunflower protein solution then separating the acidified sunflower protein solution from the add insoluble solid material. The acidified sunflower protein solution may be dried following optional concentration and diafiltration to form a sunflower protein product, which may be an isolate. The add insoluble Said material may be washed with acidified water and then dried to form another sunflower protein product. These products may be dried at the acidic pH at which they were prepared or may be adjusted in pH before drying.