Heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks including crude oil are upgraded under relatively low pressure conditions in an ebullated-bed hydroprocessing zone to remove the heteroatom containing hydrocarbons. Catalyst particles are regenerated/rejuvenated and recycled back to the ebullated-bed hydroprocessing reaction zone. The regeneration/rejuvenation is effective to restore catalytic activity while minimizing leaching of the active components(s).

The invention refers to a reactor and a method respectively for performing, by means of solid reaction members, a biological or chemical transformation, or physical or chemical trapping from, or release of agents to, a fluidic media, and a subsequent cleaning of the reactor, said reactor comprising a vessel (11) in which a transformation device (100) has been mounted. The invention also refers to a reactor kit comprising such reactor. The reactor comprises at least one nozzle (15) arranged on the longitudinal inner wall of the vessel (11). The at least one nozzle (15) is arranged to direct a flow of a cleaning fluid (CF) in a direction towards a longitudinal centre axis (L1) of a flow distributor (1) arranged in the vessel (11).

Heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks including crude oil are upgraded under relatively low pressure conditions in an ebullated-bed hydroprocessing zone to remove the heteroatom containing hydrocarbons. Catalyst particles are regenerated/rejuvenated and recycled back to the ebullated-bed hydroprocessing reaction zone. The regeneration/rejuvenation is effective to restore catalytic activity while minimizing leaching of the active components(s).

Systems and methods are provided for oligomerization of olefins to distillate boiling range products while also recycling naphtha boiling range olefins as part of the feed. By performing the olefin oligomerization while also recycling naphtha boiling range olefins, it has been discovered that the resulting distillate boiling range products can have an unexpected improvement in diesel combustion quality, such as an unexpected improvement in cetane rating. In order to manage coke formation and maintain consistent activity profile for the oligomerization catalyst, the reaction can be performed in a moving bed reactor. Additional temperature control can be maintained by the recycling of the naphtha boiling range portions of the oligomerization product back to the reactor.

A process for producing olefins by cracking paraffins in the presence of methane. In the conventional steam cracking processes for olefin production, steam is used as a diluent in the feed mixture to the thermal cracker. In the processes provided herein, methane replaces steam as a diluent in the feed mixture to the thermal cracker. Replacing steam with methane as a diluent has a potential for cost savings in the construction and operation of a thermal cracking plant for olefin production. In addition, it leads to a much simpler cracking process compared to the conventional steam cracking technology as in the state of the art.

An ultra-low-speed rotating low-strain high-filling-rate hydrogen alloy automatic absorption-desorption reaction device includes a shell, a hydrogen storage reaction bed, a motor, a controlling and monitoring system, a wire inlet port, a hydrogen absorption and desorption port, and a universal angle wheel. The reaction bed is circular, rotating at a low speed under driving of a light ultra-low speed motor; facades on two sides of the reaction bed are respectively provided with a transmission shaft and the hydrogen absorption and discharge port which are respectively connected with an ultra-low-speed gear reduction motor or a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank and a hydrogen-consuming device; the reaction bed includes a hydrogen storage metal alloy, a heat-conducting anti-hardening filling material, and a phase change material; a shell of the alloy reaction bed has a heater and an external side surface of a hydrogen storage alloy reaction device has a PLC controlling and monitoring system.

A photocatalyst suspension reactor for solar fuel formation. The reactor may comprise a shallow pool filled with a first portion of an electrolyte solution. The electrolyte solution may comprise a solvent, a plurality of redox shuttle molecules, and a plurality of photocatalyst particles. The reactor may further comprise a plurality of tubes disposed on a surface of the shallow pool, each tube of the plurality of tubes comprising an upper half and a lower half. The upper half may comprise a transparent material configured to be minimally permeable to hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. The lower half may be configured to be filled with a second portion of the electrolyte solution and comprises an ion bridge material permeable to the plurality of redox shuttle molecules and minimally permeable to the plurality of photocatalyst particles.

A process and a device for continuous flow side-chain alkylation which relate to the technical field of organic synthesis. In this process and the device for continuous flow side-chain alkylation, an ibuprofen raw material is prepared with alkylbenzene as a raw material. This raw material alkylbenzene is easily available and has a low cost, and is suitable for scale-up production. Moreover, an entire preparation process adopts continuous chemical synthesis, and a reaction time of each stage can be precisely controlled, which is beneficial to control a total reaction time and reduce an amount of impurities produced. In this way, a purity and a yield of the ibuprofen raw material are improved. In summary, a continuous synthesis method for side-chain alkylation of alkylbenzene provided by the present disclosure shows a low cost and a high yield.

A stable aluminum slurry fuel and related systems and methods of use are provided herein. Certain embodiments of the disclosure are related to an aluminum slurry fuel comprising a plurality of aluminum particles dispersed in a carrier fluid. In some embodiments, the aluminum particles comprise an activating composition comprising gallium and/or indium. Additionally, methods of making and using the aluminum slurry fuel are presented herein. For instance, the resultant aluminum slurry fuel may react exothermically with water over a wide range of temperatures to produce hydrogen. The resulting slurry fuel may be used as an energy source for various applications and/or for generating hydrogen for other applications.

Systems and methods are provided for oligomerization of olefins to distillate boiling range products while also recycling naphtha boiling range olefins as part of the feed. By performing the olefin oligomerization while also recycling naphtha boiling range olefins, it has been discovered that the resulting distillate boiling range products can have an unexpected improvement in diesel combustion quality, such as an unexpected improvement in cetane rating. In order to manage coke formation and maintain consistent activity profile for the oligomerization catalyst, the reaction can be performed in a moving bed reactor. Additional temperature control can be maintained by the recycling of the naphtha boiling range portions of the oligomerization product back to the reactor.