Metal oxide catalysts comprising various dopants are provided. The catalysts are useful as heterogenous catalysts in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons such as ethane and ethylene. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed.

The present invention relates to a process for the production of semifluorinated alkanes.

Provided is a catalyst for manufacturing multi-wall carbon nanotubes, the catalyst including metal components according to <Equation> Ma:Mb=x:y, and having a hollow structure with a thickness of 0.5-10 m. In the above equation, Ma represents at least two metals selected from Fe, Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, Mo, V, W, Sn, and Cu; Mb represents at least one metal selected from Mg, Al, Si, and Zr; x and y each represent the molar ratio of Ma and Mb; and x+y=10, 2.0x7.5, and 2.5y8.0.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a thin-film-like composite of nanocrystal, as a nanocrystalline material having excellent handling properties, which can overcome the above-mentioned problems of a nanocrystalline material having a powdery form while satisfactorily maintaining the properties of the nanocrystalline material (e.g., excellent catalytic activity). A thin-film-like composite of nanocrystal, characterized in that the thin-film-like composite of nanocrystal includes a thin-film-like connected assembly in which a plurality of nanocrystalline pieces each having a flake-like form and having a main surface and an end surface are connected to each other, the main surfaces of the plurality of nanocrystalline pieces exposed to the outside of the connected assembly are arranged so as to form gaps therebetween, and the connected assembly has a plan view area of 1 mm.sup.2 or more.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a thin-film-like composite of nanocrystal, as a nanocrystalline material having excellent handling properties, which can overcome the above-mentioned problems of a nanocrystalline material having a powdery form while satisfactorily maintaining the properties of the nanocrystalline material (e.g., excellent catalytic activity). A thin-film-like composite of nanocrystal, characterized in that the thin-film-like composite of nanocrystal includes a thin-film-like connected assembly in which a plurality of nanocrystalline pieces each having a flake-like form and having a main surface and an end surface are connected to each other, the main surfaces of the plurality of nanocrystalline pieces exposed to the outside of the connected assembly are arranged so as to form gaps therebetween, and the connected assembly has a plan view area of 1 mm.sup.2 or more.

Continuous processes for making propylene glycol from ketose-yielding carbohydrates are disclosed which enhance the selectivity to propylene glycol.

Continuous processes for making propylene glycol from ketose-yielding carbohydrates are disclosed which enhance the selectivity to propylene glycol.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a thin-film-like composite of nanocrystal, as a nanocrystalline material having excellent handling properties, which can overcome the above-mentioned problems of a nanocrystalline material having a powdery form while satisfactorily maintaining the properties of the nanocrystalline material (e.g., excellent catalytic activity). A thin-film-like composite of nanocrystal, characterized in that the thin-film-like composite of nanocrystal includes a thin-film-like connected assembly in which a plurality of nanocrystalline pieces each having a flake-like form and having a main surface and an end surface are connected to each other, the main surfaces of the plurality of nanocrystalline pieces exposed to the outside of the connected assembly are arranged so as to form gaps therebetween, and the connected assembly has a plan view area of 1 mm.sup.2 or more.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a thin-film-like composite of nanocrystal, as a nanocrystalline material having excellent handling properties, which can overcome the above-mentioned problems of a nanocrystalline material having a powdery form while satisfactorily maintaining the properties of the nanocrystalline material (e.g., excellent catalytic activity). A thin-film-like composite of nanocrystal, characterized in that the thin-film-like composite of nanocrystal includes a thin-film-like connected assembly in which a plurality of nanocrystalline pieces each having a flake-like form and having a main surface and an end surface are connected to each other, the main surfaces of the plurality of nanocrystalline pieces exposed to the outside of the connected assembly are arranged so as to form gaps therebetween, and the connected assembly has a plan view area of 1 mm.sup.2 or more.

A method of preparing a catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation that includes coprecipitation and injecting inert gas or air at a specific time point to reduce the ratio of an inactive -Fe.sub.2O.sub.3 crystal structure, thereby improving the activity of the catalyst. Also provided is a method of performing oxidative dehydrogenation using the catalyst. When oxidative dehydrogenation of butene is performed using the catalyst, side reaction may be reduced, and selectivity for butadiene may be improved, providing butadiene with high productivity.