A reaction device for reacting a liquid-phase reactant and a gas-phase reactant converted into fine bubbles includes: a porous body that includes a plurality of flow paths and in which the flow paths are separated by porous walls, the porous walls include continuous pores, and the porous body includes a reaction catalyst at least on the surface thereof; a solution supply section for supplying a solution containing a gas-phase reactant and a liquid-phase reactant to the continuous pores in the porous body; and a solution discharge section for discharging solution containing a reaction product obtained when the solution flows through the continuous pores of the porous body.

The present invention describes an improved process for the commercial scale production of high-quality catalyst materials. These improved processes allow for production of catalysts that have very consistent batch to batch property and performance variations. In addition these improved processes allow for minimal production losses (by dramatically reducing the production of fines or small materials as part of the production process). The improved process involves multiple steps and uses calcining ovens that allow for precisely control temperature increases where the catalyst is homogenously heated. The calcining gas is released into a separate heating chamber, which contains the recirculation fan and the heat source. Catalysts that may be produced using this improved process include but are not limited to catalysts that promote CO hydrogenation, reforming catalysts, Fischer Tropsch Catalysts, Greyrock GreyCat? catalysts, catalysts that homologate methanol, catalysts that promote hydrogenation of carbon compounds, and other catalysts used in industry.

The present invention describes an improved process for the commercial scale production of high-quality catalyst materials. These improved processes allow for production of catalysts that have very consistent batch to batch property and performance variations. In addition these improved processes allow for minimal production losses (by dramatically reducing the production of fines or small materials as part of the production process). The improved process involves multiple steps and uses calcining ovens that allow for precisely control temperature increases where the catalyst is homogenously heated. The calcining gas is released into a separate heating chamber, which contains the recirculation fan and the heat source. Catalysts that may be produced using this improved process include but are not limited to catalysts that promote CO hydrogenation, reforming catalysts, Fischer Tropsch Catalysts, Greyrock GreyCat? catalysts, catalysts that homologate methanol, catalysts that promote hydrogenation of carbon compounds, and other catalysts used in industry.

A catalyst having at least one Group VIB metal component, at least one Group VIII metal component, a phosphorus component, and a boron-containing carrier component. The amount of the phosphorus component is at least 1 wt %, expressed as an oxide (P.sub.2O.sub.5) and based on the total weight of the catalyst, and the amount of boron content is in the range of about 1 to about 13 wt %, expressed as an oxide (B.sub.2O.sub.3) and based on the total weight of the catalyst. In one embodiment of the invention, the boron-containing carrier component is a product of a co-extrusion of at least a carrier and a boron source. A method for producing the catalyst and its use for hydrotreating a hydrocarbon feed are also described.

Catalyst composition which comprises a first zeolite having a BEA* framework type and a second zeolite having a MOR framework type and a mesopore surface area of greater than 30 m.sup.2/g is disclosed. These catalyst compositions are used to remove catalyst poisons from untreated feed streams having one or more impurities which cause deactivation of the downstream catalysts employed in hydrocarbon conversion processes, such as those that produce mono-alkylated aromatic compounds.

A method of synthesizing an Au(TiO.sub.2-y/WO.sub.3-x) semiconductor composite, the method comprising: loading tungsten oxide (WO.sub.3) powder in a fluidized bed reactor followed by H.sub.2 treatment to produce reduced tungsten oxide (WO.sub.3) nanoparticles or WO.sub.3-x nanoparticles; producing reduced titanium dioxide (TiO.sub.2) nanoparticles or TiO.sub.2-y (containing defect states) nanoparticles in-situ; coupling the TiO.sub.2-y nanoparticles with the WO.sub.3-x nanoparticles to provide a titanium dioxide/tungsten oxide nanocomposite (TiO.sub.2-y/WO.sub.3-x); and simultaneous substitutional doping of TiO.sub.2-y and WO.sub.3-x in the titanium dioxide/tungsten oxide nanocomposite (TiO.sub.2-y/WO.sub.3-x) with gold ions (Au) to obtain the Au(TiO.sub.2-y/WO.sub.3-x) semiconductor composite; wherein x has a value between 0.33 and 0.37. The thus produced composite can be used as a photocatalyst.

The specification discloses a highly macroporous catalyst for hydroprocessing and hydroconversion of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks. The high macroporosity catalyst incudes an inorganic oxide, molybdenum, and nickel components. It has a pore structure such that at least 18% of its total pore volume is in pores of a diameter greater than 5,000 angstroms and at least 25% of its total pore volume is in pores of a diameter greater than 1,000 angstroms. Preferably, the pore structure is bimodal. The catalyst is made by co-mulling the catalytic components with a high molecular weight polyacrylamide followed by forming the co-mulled mixture into a particle or an extrudate. The particle or extrudate is dried and calcined under controlled calcination temperature conditions to yield a calcined particle or extrudate of the high macroporosity catalyst composition.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a catalyst that enables a hydrogenation reaction of cyclopentadiene to cyclopentene in a gas phase that exhibits both a high conversion rate and high selectivity, and a method for producing the cyclopentene in a gas phase that exhibits both a high conversion rate and high selectivity. A catalyst according to the disclosure and a method for producing cyclopentadienecyclopentene according to the disclosure are a catalyst and a method for producing cyclopentene using the catalyst that is used in a hydrogenation reaction of cyclopentadiene in a gas phase to form the cyclopentene, the catalyst including palladium (Pd) and a titanium dioxide (TiO.sub.2) support, wherein the titanium dioxide (TiO.sub.2) support contains anatase-type titanium dioxide (TiO.sub.2).

A method and catalyst for producing an alcohol, which method includes supplying water and a C2-C5 olefin to a reactor and performing hydration in a gas phase using a solid acid catalyst. The solid acid catalyst is one in which a heteropolyacid or a salt thereof is supported on a silica carrier. The silica carrier is obtained by kneading a fumed silica obtained by a combustion method, a silica gel obtained by a gel method, and a colloidal silica obtained by a sol-gel method or a water glass method; molding the resulting kneaded product; and calcining the resulting molded body.

This invention relates to an aqueous dispersion of particles, the dispersion having a particle content of 10-70 wt %, and the particles comprising, on an oxide basis: (a) 10-98 wt % in total of ZrO.sub.2+HfO.sub.2, and (b) 2-90 wt % in total of Al.sub.2O.sub.3, CeO.sub.2, La.sub.2O.sub.3, Nd.sub.2O.sub.3, Pr.sub.6O.sub.11, Y.sub.2O.sub.3, or a transition metal oxide, wherein the dispersion has a Z-average particle size of 100-350 nm and the particles have a crystallite size of 1-9 nm. The invention also relates to a substrate coated with the aqueous dispersion of particles.