The present disclosure relates to water purification compositions and the method of producing the same. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to compositions containing a substrate that has hydroxyl, thiol, carboxyl or amino groups, a metal oxide, and a carboxylic acid compound, and the method of producing the same. The composition is useful for the removal of soluble phosphorus, selenium, fluoride, arsenic and other heavy metal contaminants that may be present in water. The composition could be of use in numerous fields, including but not limited to, oil and gas, mining, storm water, agricultural runoffs, municipal wastewater, and industrial wastewater.

A process for the preparation of a granulated or pelletized weak anion exchange medium from a phenol-containing organic material like peat, followed by low-temperature torrefaction of the granules to produce a high degree of physical stability of the granules at high-pH conditions, followed by chemical pretreatment of the stable granule via a hydrolysis reaction, and optionally surface treatment with acids, followed by the main chemical treatment of the hydrolyzed granule via separate aldehyde and amine reagents, or alternatively via an adduct reagent like hexamethylenetetramine is provided by this invention. The weak anion exchange medium of this invention can be used in a variety of aqueous solution treatment processes, such as wastewater treatment for removing mineral acids like H.sub.2SO.sub.4, HNO.sub.3, HCl, HBr, HF, H.sub.3PO.sub.4, HI, or formic acid from the wastewater. The resulting anion exchanger medium is particularly useful for treating wastewaters in a low-pH environment.

A process for the preparation of a granulated or pelletized weak anion exchange medium from a phenol-containing organic material like peat, followed by low-temperature torrefaction of the granules to produce a high degree of physical stability of the granules at high-pH conditions, followed by chemical pretreatment of the stable granule via a hydrolysis reaction, and optionally surface treatment with acids, followed by the main chemical treatment of the hydrolyzed granule via separate aldehyde and amine reagents, or alternatively via an adduct reagent like hexamethylenetetramine is provided by this invention. The weak anion exchange medium of this invention can be used in a variety of aqueous solution treatment processes, such as wastewater treatment for removing mineral acids like H.sub.2SO.sub.4, HNO.sub.3, HCl, HBr, HF, H.sub.3PO.sub.4, HI, or formic acid from the wastewater. The resulting anion exchanger medium is particularly useful for treating wastewaters in a low-pH environment.

Solid supports and ligands are provided for purification of biomolecules by mixed-mode anion exchange-hydrophobic chromatography. Compositions can have the formula Support-(X)N(R1, R2)-R3-L-Ar, or a salt thereof, wherein: Support is a chromatographic solid support; X is a spacer or absent; R1 and R2 are each selected from hydrogen and an alkyl comprising 1-6 carbons; R3 is an alkyl comprising 1-6 carbons or a cyclo alkyl comprising 1-6 carbons; L is NR4, O, or S; wherein R4 is hydrogen or an alkyl comprising 1-6 carbons; and Ar is an aryl. Methods are also provided for using solid supports and ligands to purify biomolecules such as monomeric antibodies.

Solid supports and ligands are provided for purification of biomolecules by mixed-mode anion exchange-hydrophobic chromatography. Compositions can have the formula Support-(X)N(R1, R2)-R3-L-Ar, or a salt thereof, wherein: Support is a chromatographic solid support; X is a spacer or absent; R1 and R2 are each selected from hydrogen and an alkyl comprising 1-6 carbons; R3 is an alkyl comprising 1-6 carbons or a cyclo alkyl comprising 1-6 carbons; L is NR4, O, or S; wherein R4 is hydrogen or an alkyl comprising 1-6 carbons; and Ar is an aryl. Methods are also provided for using solid supports and ligands to purify biomolecules such as monomeric antibodies.

Provided are methods of removing perchlorate from water. The methods include contacting water suspected of containing perchlorate with a cationic material. The cationic material includes one or more cationic metal atoms connected by an atom or molecule into an extended structure, and a charge balancing anion. The contacting removes perchlorate (e.g., selectively), if present, from the water. Water treatment vessels, systems and facilities that find use in practicing the methods of the present disclosure are also provided.

Provided are methods of removing perchlorate from water. The methods include contacting water suspected of containing perchlorate with a cationic material. The cationic material includes one or more cationic metal atoms connected by an atom or molecule into an extended structure, and a charge balancing anion. The contacting removes perchlorate (e.g., selectively), if present, from the water. Water treatment vessels, systems and facilities that find use in practicing the methods of the present disclosure are also provided.

The present disclosure relates to water purification compositions and the method of producing the same. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to compositions containing a substrate that has hydroxyl, thiol, carboxyl or amino groups, a metal oxide, and a carboxylic acid compound, and the method of producing the same. The composition is useful for the removal of soluble phosphorus, selenium, fluoride, arsenic and other heavy metal contaminants that may be present in water. The composition could be of use in numerous fields, including but not limited to, oil and gas, mining, storm water, agricultural runoffs, municipal wastewater, and industrial wastewater.

The present disclosure relates to water purification compositions and the method of producing the same. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to compositions containing a substrate that has hydroxyl, thiol, carboxyl or amino groups, a metal oxide, and a carboxylic acid compound, and the method of producing the same. The composition is useful for the removal of soluble phosphorus, selenium, fluoride, arsenic and other heavy metal contaminants that may be present in water. The composition could be of use in numerous fields, including but not limited to, oil and gas, mining, storm water, agricultural runoffs, municipal wastewater, and industrial wastewater.

An ultra-thin anion exchange membrane incorporates functional additives to provide improved water management. Without the functional additives the ultra-thin membrane may have high cross-over and not be effective for many applications. A composite anion exchange membrane includes a porous scaffold support such as a porous polymer. The anion exchange polymer may be coupled to the porous scaffold, such as by being imbibed into the pores of the porous scaffold. The functional additives may contribute to increase water production, water retention, back-diffusion and reduce the gas crossover. A functional additive may include a reactive species, including a catalyst that reacts with oxygen or hydrogen, a plasticizer, a hygroscopic material and/or a radical scavenger.