This disclosure provides a shield for use in a liquid guided laser system and related method of use. The shield comprises a rigid body with a target facing surface. The rigid body defines a through hole with a diameter that accommodates a liquid guided laser path. The rigid body has a thickness that defines a length of the liquid guided laser path through the rigid body. The thickness of the rigid body is at least twice the diameter of the through hole. The rigid body is positioned in the liquid guided laser path of the liquid guided laser system between a discharge nozzle of the liquid guided laser system and a target.

This disclosure provides a shield for use in a liquid guided laser system and related method of use. The shield comprises a rigid body with a target facing surface. The rigid body defines a through hole with a diameter that accommodates a liquid guided laser path. The rigid body has a thickness that defines a length of the liquid guided laser path through the rigid body. The thickness of the rigid body is at least twice the diameter of the through hole. The rigid body is positioned in the liquid guided laser path of the liquid guided laser system between a discharge nozzle of the liquid guided laser system and a target.

A head assembly for a liquid jet guided laser system is disclosed having a coupling unit removably disposed to a laser focus optic module of the laser system. The coupling unit has a nozzle assembly removably connected to the coupling unit. The nozzle assembly has a liquid jet nozzle and a nozzle cap. The nozzle cap has a plurality of axial assist gas conduits and static assist gas conduits in fluid communication with an assist gas source extending through the nozzle cap body to individually transport assist gas to axial exit ports and static exit ports positioned to exhaust assist gas proximate the liquid jet. At least a portion of the plurality of axial assist gas conduits are partitioned from fluid communication with the liquid jet hole. A lateral movement assembly can be configured between the laser focus optic module and coupling unit.

A head assembly for a liquid jet guided laser system is disclosed having a coupling unit removably disposed to a laser focus optic module of the laser system. The coupling unit has a nozzle assembly removably connected to the coupling unit. The nozzle assembly has a liquid jet nozzle and a nozzle cap. The nozzle cap has a plurality of axial assist gas conduits and static assist gas conduits in fluid communication with an assist gas source extending through the nozzle cap body to individually transport assist gas to axial exit ports and static exit ports positioned to exhaust assist gas proximate the liquid jet. At least a portion of the plurality of axial assist gas conduits are partitioned from fluid communication with the liquid jet hole. A lateral movement assembly can be configured between the laser focus optic module and coupling unit.

A combined processing head includes: a jetting mechanism including a connection portion having a passage in communication with a nozzle and lens cylinder inner space, one connection portion end is connected to the lens cylinder and the other end to the nozzle extending therein and having a flange in close contact with a nozzle side wall forming an annular cavity with the side wall, the flange having through holes in communication with the annular cavity and a nozzle inner space, the nozzle side wall position at which the annular cavity is located has a liquid injection port to inject a saturated salt solution at a set pressure into the annular cavity; and a cooling mechanism including a cooling cylinder having openings at two ends, the cooling cylinder inside having a cooling tube to cool the ejected and flowing saturated salt solution to enable fine crystalline grains to be precipitated.

A combined processing head includes: a jetting mechanism including a connection portion having a passage in communication with a nozzle and lens cylinder inner space, one connection portion end is connected to the lens cylinder and the other end to the nozzle extending therein and having a flange in close contact with a nozzle side wall forming an annular cavity with the side wall, the flange having through holes in communication with the annular cavity and a nozzle inner space, the nozzle side wall position at which the annular cavity is located has a liquid injection port to inject a saturated salt solution at a set pressure into the annular cavity; and a cooling mechanism including a cooling cylinder having openings at two ends, the cooling cylinder inside having a cooling tube to cool the ejected and flowing saturated salt solution to enable fine crystalline grains to be precipitated.

An example laser tool is configured to operate within a wellbore of a hydrocarbon-bearing rock formation. The laser tool includes one or more optical transmission media. The one or more optical transmission media are part of an optical path originating at a laser generator configured to generate a laser beam having an axis. The one or more optical transmission media are for passing the laser beam. The laser tool includes an optical element that is part of the optical path. The optical element is for receiving the laser beam from the one or more optical transmission media and for output to the hydrocarbon-bearing rock formation. The laser tool includes a color applicator head for discharging one or more coloring agents to a surface in the wellbore in a path of the laser beam.

A method for producing a diffusion cooling hole extending between a wall having a first wall surface and a second wall surface includes forming a cooling hole inlet at the first wall surface, forming a cooling hole outlet at the second wall surface, forming a metering section downstream from the inlet and forming a multi-lobed diffusing section between the metering section and the outlet. The inlet, outlet, metering section and multi-lobed diffusing section are formed by laser drilling, particle beam machining, fluid jet guided laser machining, mechanical machining, masking and combinations thereof.

A method for producing a diffusion cooling hole extending between a wall having a first wall surface and a second wall surface includes forming a cooling hole inlet at the first wall surface, forming a cooling hole outlet at the second wall surface, forming a metering section downstream from the inlet and forming a multi-lobed diffusing section between the metering section and the outlet. The inlet, outlet, metering section and multi-lobed diffusing section are formed by laser drilling, particle beam machining, fluid jet guided laser machining, mechanical machining, masking and combinations thereof.

A method for encoding a plate-like workpiece comprising: defining an encoding area; applying a magnetic layer to the surface of the workpiece; fusing parts of the magnetic layer to the surface of the workpiece by acting on the workpiece with radiation within the encoding area; cooling the workpiece; removing the non-fused parts of the magnetic layer. The method permits the workpieces to be trackable in a simple manner, irrespective of surface treatments that may possibly be carried out or are to be carried out later.