A composite material having physical characteristics equivalent to particle board materials bonded with resin-based adhesives that contain formaldehyde-urea is formed of reclaimed textile debris comprising fabric scraps and a latex based binder. The binder includes natural rubber latex, sulfur, an anti-oxidant agent and pH adjustment substances. The binder may also include selected amounts of zinc oxide, zinc diethyldithiocarbamate and a stabilizer. Production of the composite material includes mixing the constituents and vulcanization through the application of heat and compression. Cold compression is subsequently applied.

A method of determining a solution state of a gas in a plastic melt used in a plastic shaping method includes: (vi) providing the plastic melt together with the gas in a chamber, (vii) altering—in particular reducing—a volume of the chamber to alter a pressure of the plastic melt together with the gas—in particular increased from a first pressure value to a second pressure value, (viii) introducing the plastic melt into a shaping cavity, (ix) computing at least one compression parameter characteristic of the compression behaviour of the plastic melt, in particular a modulus of compression, from the first pressure value and the second pressure value, and (x) determining from the at least one compression parameter whether the gas is substantially completely dissolved in the plastic melt and/or a solubility limit of the gas in the plastic melt is determined from the at least one compression parameter.

A method of determining a solution state of a gas in a plastic melt used in a plastic shaping method includes: (vi) providing the plastic melt together with the gas in a chamber, (vii) altering—in particular reducing—a volume of the chamber to alter a pressure of the plastic melt together with the gas—in particular increased from a first pressure value to a second pressure value, (viii) introducing the plastic melt into a shaping cavity, (ix) computing at least one compression parameter characteristic of the compression behaviour of the plastic melt, in particular a modulus of compression, from the first pressure value and the second pressure value, and (x) determining from the at least one compression parameter whether the gas is substantially completely dissolved in the plastic melt and/or a solubility limit of the gas in the plastic melt is determined from the at least one compression parameter.

A resin impregnation measurement device includes a jig and a resin impregnation sensor. The jig is formed into an inner surface shape of a protrusion of a stringer. The jig includes outer surfaces including a facing surface that is to face an inner surface of the protrusion. The resin impregnation sensor is disposed on the facing surface of the jig.

A resin impregnation measurement device includes a jig and a resin impregnation sensor. The jig is formed into an inner surface shape of a protrusion of a stringer. The jig includes outer surfaces including a facing surface that is to face an inner surface of the protrusion. The resin impregnation sensor is disposed on the facing surface of the jig.

The pressing of an article is achieved with a closed-loop feedback press. The closed-loop feedback press is effective to measure an amount of pressure applied and adjust the pressure to achieve a prescribed amount of compression on the article. Further, the press may leverage a closed-loop feedback system to maintain a consistent temperature of one or more platens. The press is able to adjust a pressure applied one or more times during a pressing operation to accelerate a temperature change in the pressed article while reducing the pressure applied as the temperature approaches a target temperature to limit unintentional deformation and bleeding of the pressed material of the article.

An apparatus for molding a part includes a plunger cavity, a plunger, and a mold cavity, wherein the plunger is oriented out-of-plane with respect to a major surface of the mold cavity, and first and second vents couples to respective first and second portions of the mold cavity. In a method, resin and fiber are forced into the mold cavity from a plunger cavity, and at least some of the fibers and resin are preferentially flowed to certain region in the mold cavity via the use of vents.

An apparatus for molding a part includes a plunger cavity, a plunger, and a mold cavity, wherein the plunger is oriented out-of-plane with respect to a major surface of the mold cavity, and first and second vents couples to respective first and second portions of the mold cavity. In a method, resin and fiber are forced into the mold cavity from a plunger cavity, and at least some of the fibers and resin are preferentially flowed to certain region in the mold cavity via the use of vents.

The present invention relates to a thermoplastic resin substrate for a curved mirror and a method for preparing the same, and a curved mirror and a head-up display comprising the thermoplastic resin substrate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: A) heating up a mold of an injection molding machine to a temperature in a range of 130-190° C. and closing the mold, B) injecting a molten thermoplastic resin into the cavity of the mold cavity, C) applying a pressure of 300-700 bar to the cavity for a period of 5 or more seconds, D) stopping applying pressure and cooling the mold to a temperature in a range of 60-100° C. within 10-50 seconds, and E) opening the mold and taking out the molded thermoplastic resin substrate, wherein a gap of 0.3-1 mm is left between the parting surfaces of the cavity of the mold prior to applying the pressure to the cavity. The thermoplastic resin substrate according to the present invention features a large size, high dimensional stability, and low surface roughness. It can be used for future augmented reality head-up displays to realize large-area, long-distance projection and high-precision imaging, thereby satisfying the requirements for driving safety and comfort of future automobiles.

A discharge apparatus includes a discharge unit and a detection unit. The discharge unit is configured to discharge liquid containing a volatile compound from a discharge port. The detection unit is configured to detect discharge of the liquid by detecting, using light, a volatile component volatilizing from the liquid when the liquid is discharged from the discharge port.