A moving body includes a floor panel, and a battery pack disposed below the floor panel. The battery pack includes a battery, a battery case having an opening on an upper side and accommodating the battery, a battery cover covering the opening of the battery case, and a temperature adjustment mechanism provided in the battery cover. A gap is provided at least either between the battery and a bottom surface of the battery case or between an under guard provided below the bottom surface of the battery case and the bottom surface of the battery case.

A system (e.g., a monitoring device) for monitoring a first battery (e.g., a vehicle battery) provided in a vehicle is provided with a monitoring unit for monitoring the electric state of the first battery (e.g., the vehicle battery) capable of starting a motor of the vehicle; and a power supply unit that is a second battery for supplying electric power to the monitoring unit. The monitoring unit may determine whether or not the motor is stopped, and when the motor is stopped, the monitoring unit may monitor, as the electric state of the first battery, e.g., the voltage of the first battery.

A system (e.g., a monitoring device) for monitoring a first battery (e.g., a vehicle battery) provided in a vehicle is provided with a monitoring unit for monitoring the electric state of the first battery (e.g., the vehicle battery) capable of starting a motor of the vehicle; and a power supply unit that is a second battery for supplying electric power to the monitoring unit. The monitoring unit may determine whether or not the motor is stopped, and when the motor is stopped, the monitoring unit may monitor, as the electric state of the first battery, e.g., the voltage of the first battery.

A vehicle body structure 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first cross member 1, a second cross member 2, and a third cross member 3 forming part of a framework of a vehicle and extending in a vehicle width direction. Further, the vehicle body structure 100 accommodates at least part of a battery portion 10a of a power storage device 10 in a space SP1R between a floor in a passenger compartment and a floor panel 4 and between the first cross member 1 and the second cross member 2. Further, the vehicle body structure 100 accommodates at least part of a controlling portion 10c of the power storage device 10 in a space SP2R between the first cross member 1 and the third cross member 3.

A vehicle body structure 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first cross member 1, a second cross member 2, and a third cross member 3 forming part of a framework of a vehicle and extending in a vehicle width direction. Further, the vehicle body structure 100 accommodates at least part of a battery portion 10a of a power storage device 10 in a space SP1R between a floor in a passenger compartment and a floor panel 4 and between the first cross member 1 and the second cross member 2. Further, the vehicle body structure 100 accommodates at least part of a controlling portion 10c of the power storage device 10 in a space SP2R between the first cross member 1 and the third cross member 3.

A modular design structure of in-vehicle electrical appliances includes: a mobile power supply and a detachable device. The mobile power supply is disposed with an input interface and an output interface for power input and output, internally disposed with a power battery pack and a circuit control board and disposed with a mounting part including a top cover, a side wall of the top cover is disposed with a snap structure, an end of the top cover is disposed with current output contacts. The detachable device includes electrical modules each with a connecting part including a bottom cover, a side wall of the bottom cover is disposed with a notch matching with the snap structure, an end of the bottom cover is disposed with current input contacts matching with the current output contacts. Through modular design, the vehicle electrical appliance is smaller and convenient to carry.

A modular design structure of in-vehicle electrical appliances includes: a mobile power supply and a detachable device. The mobile power supply is disposed with an input interface and an output interface for power input and output, internally disposed with a power battery pack and a circuit control board and disposed with a mounting part including a top cover, a side wall of the top cover is disposed with a snap structure, an end of the top cover is disposed with current output contacts. The detachable device includes electrical modules each with a connecting part including a bottom cover, a side wall of the bottom cover is disposed with a notch matching with the snap structure, an end of the bottom cover is disposed with current input contacts matching with the current output contacts. Through modular design, the vehicle electrical appliance is smaller and convenient to carry.

An apparatus for controlling operation of a walk-behind electric lawn mower equipped with an electric motor, a blade cutter connected to the electric motor and a rechargeable battery mounted connected to the electric motor and a motor driver circuit. In the apparatus, when an instruction to stop the electric motor is inputted, the operation of the motor driver circuit is controlled to output regenerative electric current from three-phase coils of the electric motor. At that time, it is determined whether a rotational speed of the electric motor is equal to or less than a switching rotational speed and when it is, the motor driver circuit is controlled to switch from the regenerative braking to short-circuit braking that short-circuits the three-phase coils of the electric motor.

An electrical system includes a contactor having a pair of contacts and a coil configured to electrically close and open the contacts. The electrical system also includes a high voltage (“HV”) circuit including a power supply electrically connected to at least one of the contacts of the contactor. The electrical system further includes a low voltage (“LV”) circuit electrically connected to the coil and configured to selectively energize the coil of the contactor. A disconnect mechanism is coupled with the LV electrical circuit and operable to electrically open the LV electrical circuit to actuate electrical opening of the contacts of the contactor.

An electrical system includes a contactor having a pair of contacts and a coil configured to electrically close and open the contacts. The electrical system also includes a high voltage (“HV”) circuit including a power supply electrically connected to at least one of the contacts of the contactor. The electrical system further includes a low voltage (“LV”) circuit electrically connected to the coil and configured to selectively energize the coil of the contactor. A disconnect mechanism is coupled with the LV electrical circuit and operable to electrically open the LV electrical circuit to actuate electrical opening of the contacts of the contactor.