A temperature regulation system includes: an electric storage device, installed in a vehicle and configured to perform charge and discharge; an intake duct that leads air of a vehicle interior to the electric storage device; a fan configured to cause the air to be taken into the intake duct; a filter that is provided inside the intake duct and that prevents passage of foreign matter; and a controller that estimates a clogging amount of the foreign matter on the filter. The controller is configured to increase the estimated clogging amount as there increases a total amount of the air that is supplied to the electric storage device accompanying driving of the fan, and the number of times that the vehicle is brought to a state in which air is allowed to flow into and flow out of the vehicle.

A vehicular battery control device controls an electric storage amount of a battery as which a lithium-ion battery is employed. The vehicular battery control device includes a control unit that reduces the electric storage amount of the battery until the electric storage amount of the battery assumes a second state, before the lapse of a first time, when the electric storage amount of the battery assumes a first state and it is predicted that a charge current will flow in the first time. The first state is a state where lithium metal is precipitated by charging the battery with a predetermined amount of electric power, and the second state is a state where no lithium metal is precipitated even when the charge current flows through the battery.

A vehicular battery control device controls an electric storage amount of a battery as which a lithium-ion battery is employed. The vehicular battery control device includes a control unit that reduces the electric storage amount of the battery until the electric storage amount of the battery assumes a second state, before the lapse of a first time, when the electric storage amount of the battery assumes a first state and it is predicted that a charge current will flow in the first time. The first state is a state where lithium metal is precipitated by charging the battery with a predetermined amount of electric power, and the second state is a state where no lithium metal is precipitated even when the charge current flows through the battery.

A battery arrangement having a cooling wall arrangement, which includes a cooling wall, and having a battery unit, arranged above the cooling wall arrangement in relation to a first direction, which includes a battery cell which has a first side having a releasable degassing opening facing toward the cooling wall. The battery arrangement has a degassing channel in which gas escaping from the degassing opening. The degassing channel is arranged below the releasable degassing opening and above the cooling wall with respect to the first direction and is designed in such a way that in case of the gas escape of the gas from the degassing opening, a first part of the gas escaping from the degassing opening chronologically first is introducible into the degassing channel.

Impact protection structures for vehicles are described. An impact protection structure includes a support structure of the vehicle, an interior rail coupled to the support structure, and an exterior rail coupled to the interior rail. The exterior rail has an inboard boundary wall positioned between an upper mounting region and a lower mounting region. The upper and the lower exterior mounting region of the exterior rail are coupled to an upper and a lower mounting region of the interior rail. At least a portion of the inboard boundary wall is spaced apart from an outboard wall of the interior rail such that when the exterior rail is impacted by a blunt-object barrier, the inboard boundary wall of the exterior rail deforms, thereby damping energy of the impact at the exterior rail and arresting crack propagation between the exterior rail and the interior rail.

Impact protection structures for vehicles are described. An impact protection structure includes a support structure of the vehicle, an interior rail coupled to the support structure, and an exterior rail coupled to the interior rail. The exterior rail has an inboard boundary wall positioned between an upper mounting region and a lower mounting region. The upper and the lower exterior mounting region of the exterior rail are coupled to an upper and a lower mounting region of the interior rail. At least a portion of the inboard boundary wall is spaced apart from an outboard wall of the interior rail such that when the exterior rail is impacted by a blunt-object barrier, the inboard boundary wall of the exterior rail deforms, thereby damping energy of the impact at the exterior rail and arresting crack propagation between the exterior rail and the interior rail.

Refrigeration units for cooling the interior of a trailer or vehicle, related software, systems and methods for deploying and managing such units. The refrigeration unit comprises a refrigeration system configured to mount to the trailer or vehicle. The refrigeration unit further comprises a battery rack configured to receive at least one of a plurality of rechargeable batteries so as to allow it to be swapped into and out of the rack to provide adaptive battery capacity. A power management system is configured to receive DC power from the plural batteries and deliver power to a compressor of the refrigeration system. A controller is configured to control the refrigeration system to cool the interior to a predetermined temperature.

Refrigeration units for cooling the interior of a trailer or vehicle, related software, systems and methods for deploying and managing such units. The refrigeration unit comprises a refrigeration system configured to mount to the trailer or vehicle. The refrigeration unit further comprises a battery rack configured to receive at least one of a plurality of rechargeable batteries so as to allow it to be swapped into and out of the rack to provide adaptive battery capacity. A power management system is configured to receive DC power from the plural batteries and deliver power to a compressor of the refrigeration system. A controller is configured to control the refrigeration system to cool the interior to a predetermined temperature.

A vehicle battery exchange system includes a base, a gripper, a retrieval actuator that retractably and extensibly connects the gripper to the base, and a vehicle alignment feature sensing apparatus that is operatively connected at least with the retrieval actuator and is configured to cause extension of the retrieval actuator to a battery-engaging position of the gripper in response to registration of a vehicle alignment feature to the vehicle alignment feature sensing apparatus, and to cause retraction of the retrieval actuator to a battery-removing position of the gripper in response to latching engagement of the gripper with a battery that is mounted in a vehicle at a pre-defined location relative to the vehicle alignment feature that is in registration to the alignment feature sensing apparatus.

A motor vehicle includes a floor panel, a battery pack, a battery pack-associated component, a first tray, a first flange portion, a second tray, and a second flange portion. The battery pack is arranged on the first tray. The first tray is arranged on the floor panel of the motor vehicle. The first flange portion is provided on a first peripheral edge. The first peripheral edge is a peripheral edge of the first tray. The battery pack-associated component is arranged on the second tray. The second tray is arranged on the floor panel of the motor vehicle. The second flange portion is provided on a second peripheral edge. The second peripheral edge is a peripheral edge of the second tray. The second flange portion is located above the first flange portion in a vertical direction of the motor vehicle. The second flange portion overlaps with the first flange portion in the vertical direction of the motor vehicle. The first flange portion projects toward the second tray side. The second flange portion projects toward the first tray side.