A water electrolysis system produces hydrogen gas at a higher pressure than oxygen gas. A Peltier cooler is disposed between a gas-liquid separator and a back pressure valve in a hydrogen gas flow path, and cools and dehumidifies the hydrogen gas. A temperature sensor measures a temperature in the vicinity of the Peltier cooler, and outputs a temperature measurement value. A pressure sensor measures a pressure of the hydrogen gas between a cathode and the back pressure valve in the hydrogen gas flow path, and outputs a pressure measurement value. A control unit controls a cooling temperature by the Peltier cooler, in a manner so that the temperature measurement value becomes a target temperature that exceeds the freezing point of water corresponding to the pressure measurement value. At least a portion of the target temperature becomes lower as the pressure measurement value increases.

This invention concerns a method for the production of at least a furanic compound having at least one aldehyde function and electrical power, by oxidizing at least a furanic compound having at least one hydroxyl function.

An electrochemical cell includes a cathode and an anode disposed in a housing. Each of the cathode and anode portions extending radially outward from a region proximate a central axis of the housing. A surface area of an active surface of the anode is greater than a surface area of an internal surface of the housing. A surface area of an active surface of the cathode is greater than a surface area of an internal surface of the housing.

Various embodiments may include an electrolyzer for electrochemical utilization of carbon dioxide comprising: electrolysis cell defining an anode space and a cathode space; an anode in the anode space; a cathode in the cathode space; a first cation-permeable membrane disposed between the anode space and the cathode space; and a second anion-selective membrane disposed between the first cation-permeable membrane and the cathode. The anode directly adjoins the first cation-permeable membrane. The second anion-selective membrane directly adjoins the first cation-permeable membrane and the second anion-selective membrane directly adjoins the cathode.

A combination of an electrochemical device for delivering reducing equivalents to a cell, and engineered metabolic pathways within the cell capable of utilizing the electrochemically provided reducing equivalents is disclosed. Such a combination allows the production of commodity chemicals by fermentation to proceed with increased carbon efficiency.

Disclosed herein are ion exchange membranes, electrochemical systems, and methods that relate to various configurations of the ion exchange membranes and other components of the electrochemical cell.

A system is disclosed for providing inerting gas to a protected space. The system includes an electrochemical cell comprising a cathode and an anode separated by a separator including a proton transfer medium. A supply of process water is provided to the anode, and inerting gas is produced at the cathode. A heat exchanger is in operative fluid and thermal communication with the process water, and a temperature sensor is in operative thermal communication with the cathode or the anode. A controller is configured to provide a target temperature of the temperature sensor through control of a flow rate of process water or a temperature of process water, or both a flow rate and a temperature of process water, through a process water thermal management flow path in operative thermal communication with the cathode or the anode.

An electrochemical cell includes a housing having an inlet, an outlet, and a central axis and an anode-cathode pair disposed concentrically within the housing about the central axis and defining an active area between an anode and a cathode of the anode-cathode pair. An active surface area of at least one of the anode and the cathode has a surface area greater than a surface area of an internal surface of the housing. The anode-cathode pair is configured and arranged to direct all fluid passing through the electrochemical cell axially through the active area.

A system is disclosed for treating a biologically active surface or material and inerting a protected space. Water is delivered to an anode of an electrochemical cell with the anode and a cathode separated by a proton transfer medium separator. A voltage difference is applied between the anode and the cathode to electrolyze water at the anode to form a mixture of protons and ozone. The protons are transferred across the separator to the cathode, and air is delivered to the cathode where oxygen is reduced to generate oxygen-depleted air, which is directed to the protected space. The ozone is transferred to an ozone storage or distribution system, and ozone is transferred from the ozone storage or distribution system to the biologically active surface or material.

Methods of making aliphatic compounds having two or more electron withdrawing groups and compositions comprising aliphatic organic compounds having one or more electron withdrawing groups. The methods are based on electrohydrodimerization of aliphatic olefinic compounds having one or more electron withdrawing groups using pulsed potential waveforms. A method may produce adiponitrile by electrolysis of acrylonitrile using pulsed waveforms. A composition may be an electrochemically produced organic phase composition. A composition may comprise one or more undesirable products, such as, for example, propionitrile, AN-derived oligomers, and the like. A composition may not have been subjected to any purification and/or separation after electrochemical production of one or more aliphatic compounds comprising two or more electron withdrawing groups.