A process of extracting metals from a wet mass includes a step A of concentrating the metals in a carbonaceous solid with a thermochemical treatment of the wet mass, with the ancillary production of a treatment gas; a step B of thermochemical decomposition of the carbonaceous solid in an atmosphere constituted by an operating gas which contains oxygen in substoichiometric quantity to carry out the thermochemical decomposition in order to promote a combination of the metals with substances present in the carbonaceous solid to form salts and others solid compounds and to concentrate the latter in residual ashes of the carbonaceous solid at the same time providing for the formation of a combustible synthesis gas comprising hydrocarbons from the carbonaceous solid; and a step C of extraction of the metals from the ashes produced.

A method to improve the solid/solid separation of an amorphous aluminium trihydroxide containing suspension from a gypsum containing suspension in a saturated calcium sulphate solution without the need for a dewatering step following the solid-solid separation.

There is disclosed a metal ion detection device, comprising a working electrode on which a droplet of the solution sample is placed, a counter electrode; and a reference electrode, wherein a droplet of a pH indicator solution is further placed on the working electrode surface after drying the working electrode surface, leading to conversion of metal ions present in the solution sample to corresponding metal atoms and deposition of the metal atoms on the working electrode surface. The working electrode is a glassy carbon electrode modified with amino-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-NH.sub.2) and an amide derivative of benzoic acid (ADB). The device enables multi-metal ions detection, toxic metal ions removal from wastewater and metals enrichment/recovery via electroreduction. A method of detecting multiple co-existing metal ions from a solution sample is also proposed.

The present disclosure provides an intelligent low-carbon treatment and reuse system for stormwater and wastewater, including: a bioretention module for collecting stormwater and treating it to obtain treated stormwater; a numerically controlled drainage module for collecting oxidation-reduction potential data and pH data of the treated stormwater and transmitting them to a control module as environmental data, and discharging treated stormwater for a preset time period based on a first control signal sent by the control module; a stormwater and wastewater collection module for storing the discharged treated stormwater and maintaining water storage volume within a preset range; an irrigation module; and the control module. Stable, efficient and low-carbon treatment and reuse of stormwater and wastewater are achieved.

Process for treatment of wastewater is provided. The wastewater includes suspended or dissolved wastewater components and an aqueous component. During the treatment process, at least a portion of a solids bed through which the wastewater is passed is dissolved using an electric current. Dissolution of the solids bed produces constituents which react with the wastewater and enable separation of the suspended or dissolved wastewater components from the aqueous component. Also provided is a system for carrying out the process.

There is disclosed a metal ion detection device, comprising a working electrode on which a droplet of the solution sample is placed, a counter electrode; and a reference electrode, wherein a droplet of a pH indicator solution is further placed on the working electrode surface after drying the working electrode surface, leading to conversion of metal ions present in the solution sample to corresponding metal atoms and deposition of the metal atoms on the working electrode surface. The working electrode is a glassy carbon electrode modified with amino-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-NH.sub.2) and an amide derivative of benzoic acid (ADB). The device enables multi-metal ions detection, toxic metal ions removal from wastewater and metals enrichment/recovery via electroreduction. A method of detecting multiple co-existing metal ions from a solution sample is also proposed.

The recovery of target species, and related systems and methods, are generally described.

A NiO/MgO/CaCO.sub.3/Ca(OH).sub.2/C nanocomposite material includes a monoclinic nickel oxide (NiO) phase, a cubic magnesium oxide (MgO) phase, a hexagonal calcium carbonate (CaCO.sub.3) phase, and a hexagonal calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH).sub.2) phase. The NiO/MgO/CaCO.sub.3/Ca(OH).sub.2/C nanocomposite material has a granular morphology including spherical particles having an average particle diameter in a range from 10 nanometer (nm) to 50 nm. Further, a CaO/NiO/Mg.sub.0.5Ni.sub.0.5O/Ca(OH).sub.2/C nanocomposite material includes cubic CaO phases, cubic NiO phases, cubic Mg.sub.0.5Ni.sub.0.5O phases, and hexagonal Ca(OH).sub.2 phases. The CaO/NiO/Mg.sub.0.5Ni.sub.0.5O/Ca(OH).sub.2/C nanocomposite material has a granular morphology including particles having an average particle diameter in a range from 10 nm to 90 nm.

A modular versatile physicochemical water treatment system and method are provided for treating various water types. The system features an acceleration chamber module combining a static mixer for hydrodynamic cavitation, an ultrasonic transducer assembly (25-40 kHz) for acoustic cavitation, permanent magnets for a static magnetic field, and a magnetic field generating coil for variable multipole magnetic fields, including square and/or triangular waveforms, controlled by a central control unit. Optional modules include a chemical dosing module (Fe.sup.3+/H.sub.2O.sub.2 or O.sub.3/H.sub.2O.sub.2) and an electrolysis module with automatic polarity reversal. The method involves selectively and coordinately applying these effects, tailored to the water type, to achieve optimal treatment efficiency.

Systems and methods for using a liquid hot metal processing unit to produce granulated metallic units (GMUs) are disclosed herein. In some embodiments of the present technology, a liquid hot metal processing system for producing GMUs comprises a liquid hot metal processing unit including a granulator unit. The granulator unit can include a tilter positioned to receive and tilt a ladle, a controller operably coupled to the tilter to control tilting of the ladle, a tundish positioned to receive the molten metallics from the ladle, and a reactor positioned to receive the molten metallics from the tundish. The reactor can be configured to cool the molten metallics to form granulated metallic units (GMUs).