Systems and methods for a golf training aid which is designed to orient the player initially to have a correct backswing of the club and then follow through with a fairly natural downswing to produce the desired ball flight characteristics. In an embodiment, there is provided a device that encourages a user to practice a golf swing having a sufficiently steep angle for the plane of the swing.

A device for golf putting practice that is an all-in-one golf ball target cup, golf ball collection and storage for up to a dozen golf balls. A quadrilateral tube is connected to a pole with handle. A ball storage bag is connected to the said quadrilateral tube. This device allows for maximum amount of golf ball practice putts in a very short period of time. Balls are dropped on the practice putting surface from the device storage bag. The device is placed at the desired putting target location and putting practice can begin. Ball collection is completed with the device without bending over, reducing the work and time required.

A swing analysis method includes acquiring measurement data measured by an inertial sensor in a swing motion with a golf club, and calculating torque data indicating a temporal change of a torque exerted on the golf club by analyzing the measurement data using a head speed coordination system having a first axis including a speed vector of a head of the golf club, a second axis being orthogonal to the first axis and extending along a shaft of the golf club, and a third axis orthogonal to both the first axis and the second axis.

A sports training apparatus includes a flat mat having visible indicia adapted to indicate placement of at least one foot of a user of the apparatus, and a foot restraint adapted to hold a front foot of the user so that the front foot remains in contact with a top surface of the flat mat. The front foot is in an intended direction of a swing of a sports implement.

A putting practice assembly for practicing putting on a variety of putting green conditions includes a putting mat that is longitudinally elongated to simulate a putting lane. The putting mat has a plurality of sections and each of the sections has a unique texture with respect to each other. In this way each of the sections facilitates a unique golf ball speed with respect to each other for practicing putting in a variety of putting green conditions.

A golf putting swing training aid that may be attached to any golf club that may force a golfer's hands into the proper grip position for various types of golf putting shots is provided. The device and methods of the present disclosure may further allow a golfer to practice these shots to build muscle memory and to ingrain the proper grip and form positions into memory to allow for repeated and consistent shot performance.

A method for estimating information on a golf swing is provided. The method includes the steps of: when a photographed image of a user's golf swing is acquired, detecting at least one joint of the user from the photographed image using an artificial neural network model; and estimating information on the user's golf swing with reference to a position of the at least one detected joint.

A device including a golf ball that is configured to be operable for practicing golf swings, a golf ball block pad assembly that is configured to block the golf ball during said golf swing practice, a golf ball pivot arm, a linkage bar that is configured to engage the golf ball block pad assembly to the golf ball pivot arm, and a golf ball hitting pad.

A shoulder motion exercise device, kit, and method of use having a retainer, a plurality of connectors, an extender, and a slider. The device aids in the stretching and exercise of at least a shoulder and a portion of the torso.

A swing trainer configured to draw the elbows of the player together by the cocking of the player's wrists. The swing trainer includes arm mounts configured to mount to a player's arms at an intermediate position; and a link with at least a portion connected to the mounts and extending therebetween and arranged such that the portion of the link between the arms is configured to shorten during a swing of a stroke to inhibit splaying of the elbows of the player during the stroke, the link being slidably connected to the one of the mounts so it may slide past. A corresponding method of swing training using said swing trainer is also disclosed.