A method for removing or preventing a microbial growth, biofilm, biomass and/or mineral deposit on a hard surface inside an SO.sub.2 scrubber is disclosed. In particular, biocide compositions may be dosed in pulse or continuously for the reduction and prevention of biofilms on the hard surfaces inside an SO.sub.2 scrubber. A biocide composition disclosed here uses one or more non-oxidizing biocides, especially a mixture of one or more quaternary ammonium compounds and one or more other biocides.

Processes, methods, and apparatus for carbon sequestration utilizing catalysis schemes configured to provide high concentrations of hydrated CO.sub.2 in proximity with a sequestration agent are provided. Reactants are combined with catalyst such that at least two regions of controlled catalytic activity form encompassing at least the interface between a sequestration agent and an aqueous solution containing dissolved CO.sub.2. Suitable reactants include various sequestration agents, catalyst, and carbon dioxide dissolved in an aqueous solution (seawater, for example). Possible products include bicarbonate and metal cations.

Processes, methods, and apparatus for carbon sequestration utilizing catalysis schemes configured to provide high concentrations of hydrated CO.sub.2 in proximity with a sequestration agent are provided. Reactants are combined with catalyst such that at least two regions of controlled catalytic activity form encompassing at least the interface between a sequestration agent and an aqueous solution containing dissolved CO.sub.2. Suitable reactants include various sequestration agents, catalyst, and carbon dioxide dissolved in an aqueous solution (seawater, for example). Possible products include bicarbonate and metal cations.

A method for treating sulfur contaminants is provided. The method comprises introducing a methylmorpholine-N-oxide solution to a vessel, wherein the vessel comprises a water layer and a gas layer, wherein the water layer and the gas layer comprise the hydrogen sulfide; introducing methylmorpholine-N-oxide into the water layer; and treating the water layer by allowing the methylmorpholine-N-oxide to react with the hydrogen sulfide.

A system and a method for reducing emission of greenhouse gasses is provided, in particular at least one of methane, laughing gas, nitrogen oxides, and ammonia from slurry stored in one or more slurry storage tanks. The method includes continuously maintaining slurry stored in a slurry storage tank under acidic conditions. The method includes the steps of: A: monitoring pH in the slurry present in the slurry storage tank by one or more pH sensors arranged in contact with the slurry in the slurry storage, B: checking if the detected pH exceeds above an upper threshold, such as an upper threshold set at pH=7, C: activate acid addition when the monitored pH exceeds the upper threshold, D: while stirring, adding acid until pH in the slurry is adjusted to within a range between the upper threshold and a lower threshold, such as between pH=2 and pH=7, in particular between pH=5 to pH=7, or more preferred pH=5 and pH=6, and repeating steps C-D when the detected pH of step A exceeds the upper threshold.

An improved system for separating gas from a process stream by providing a stripping unit at the overhead stream of a fractionation column to selectively and effectively remove the gas using a stripping fluid without providing a dedicated light-ends separations unit. The stripper unit may be connected to the reflux drum at the overhead stream. The system for separating gas further achieves greater thermodynamic efficiency by means of a split column design using mechanical vapor recompression with the reboiler and condenser integrated in a falling-film evaporator- or thermosiphon-type vapo-condenser.

An improved system for separating gas from a process stream by providing a stripping unit at the overhead stream of a fractionation column to selectively and effectively remove the gas using a stripping fluid without providing a dedicated light-ends separations unit. The stripper unit may be connected to the reflux drum at the overhead stream. The system for separating gas further achieves greater thermodynamic efficiency by means of a split column design using mechanical vapor recompression with the reboiler and condenser integrated in a falling-film evaporator- or thermosiphon-type vapo-condenser.

A gas processing furnace according to the present invention includes: a hollow cylindrical furnace body including a gas processing space therein; a non-transferred plasma jet torch for supplying a plasma jet into the gas processing space; and an electric heater for heating a region of the gas processing space to which the plasma jet is supplied.

A gas processing furnace according to the present invention includes: a hollow cylindrical furnace body including a gas processing space therein; a non-transferred plasma jet torch for supplying a plasma jet into the gas processing space; and an electric heater for heating a region of the gas processing space to which the plasma jet is supplied.

A method for treating sulfur contaminants is provided. The method comprises introducing a methylmorpholine-N-oxide solution to a vessel, wherein the vessel comprises a water layer and a gas layer, wherein the water layer and the gas layer comprise the hydrogen sulfide; introducing methylmorpholine-N-oxide into the water layer; and treating the water layer by allowing the methylmorpholine-N-oxide to react with the hydrogen sulfide.