A method for ship ballasting includes receiving, at a carbon negative energy storage system, input comprising calcium oxide and water and reacting, within a reaction chamber of the carbon negative energy storage system, the calcium oxide and water to release energy and generate calcium hydroxide. The method includes directing, by the carbon negative energy storage system, the released energy to a requesting end user and providing, by the carbon negative energy storage system, the calcium hydroxide to a marine vessel ballasting system. The method includes releasing a mixture of the calcium hydroxide and ballast water from the marine vessel ballasting system into the ocean to sequester atmospheric CO.sub.2.

A method for ship ballasting includes receiving, at a carbon negative energy storage system, input comprising calcium oxide and water and reacting, within a reaction chamber of the carbon negative energy storage system, the calcium oxide and water to release energy and generate calcium hydroxide. The method includes directing, by the carbon negative energy storage system, the released energy to a requesting end user and providing, by the carbon negative energy storage system, the calcium hydroxide to a marine vessel ballasting system. The method includes releasing a mixture of the calcium hydroxide and ballast water from the marine vessel ballasting system into the ocean to sequester atmospheric CO.sub.2.

A method of exhaust gas scrubbing includes providing recycled concrete fines as a waste material rich in carbonatable Ca and/or Mg phases and with d.sub.90≤1000 μm and a Rosin-Rammler slope n from 0.6 to 1.4 , injecting the waste material into an exhaust gas stream containing CO.sub.2 and/or SO.sub.x for reaction with CO.sub.2 and/or SO.sub.x at a relative humidity of 50 to 100 Vol.-% and a temperature from 40 to 130° C. in an amount of dry waste material ranging from 5 to 30 kg/m.sup.3, withdrawing a partly carbonated and/or sulphurized waste material and purified exhaust gas, and recycling a part of the partly carbonated and sulphurized waste material while the remainder is discharged, as well as use of a waste material slurry for exhaust gas cleaning of CO.sub.2 and/or SO.sub.x.

A method of exhaust gas scrubbing includes providing recycled concrete fines as a waste material rich in carbonatable Ca and/or Mg phases and with d.sub.90≤1000 μm and a Rosin-Rammler slope n from 0.6 to 1.4 , injecting the waste material into an exhaust gas stream containing CO.sub.2 and/or SO.sub.x for reaction with CO.sub.2 and/or SO.sub.x at a relative humidity of 50 to 100 Vol.-% and a temperature from 40 to 130° C. in an amount of dry waste material ranging from 5 to 30 kg/m.sup.3, withdrawing a partly carbonated and/or sulphurized waste material and purified exhaust gas, and recycling a part of the partly carbonated and sulphurized waste material while the remainder is discharged, as well as use of a waste material slurry for exhaust gas cleaning of CO.sub.2 and/or SO.sub.x.

The present invention is related to a process for manufacturing a sorbent suitable for a use in a circulating dry scrubber device comprising the steps of: providing quicklime and water in an hydrator; slaking said quicklime via a non-wet route in the hydrator; collecting a lime based sorbent at an exit of the hydrator. The process is characterized in that it comprises a further step of adding at least a first additive comprising: a compound comprising silicon, and/or, a compound comprising aluminum, and/or a compound comprising silicon and aluminum before or during said slaking step, at a molar ratio between silicon or aluminum or a combination thereof and the calcium provided to said hydrator equal to or below 0.2 and equal to or above 0.02. In some other aspects, the present invention is related to a sorbent, a premix, and a flue gas treatment process.

The present invention is related to a process for manufacturing a sorbent suitable for a use in a circulating dry scrubber device comprising the steps of: providing quicklime and water in an hydrator; slaking said quicklime via a non-wet route in the hydrator; collecting a lime based sorbent at an exit of the hydrator. The process is characterized in that it comprises a further step of adding at least a first additive comprising: a compound comprising silicon, and/or, a compound comprising aluminum, and/or a compound comprising silicon and aluminum before or during said slaking step, at a molar ratio between silicon or aluminum or a combination thereof and the calcium provided to said hydrator equal to or below 0.2 and equal to or above 0.02. In some other aspects, the present invention is related to a sorbent, a premix, and a flue gas treatment process.

The present invention discloses a method for aluminum-enhanced dealkalization of red mud and separation and recovery of aluminum and iron. The method includes: dissolving red mud in water, introducing excessive SO.sub.2, introducing O.sub.2 for aeration, and refluxing part of alkaline leachate after filtering; when pH of a red mud mixture decreases to below 3, washing and filtering the red mud mixture, adding NaOH to acidic leachate to adjust its pH to a strongly alkaline level, aging and filtering the leachate, treating filter residue to recover Fe.sub.2O.sub.3, and refluxing part of alkaline leachate after filtering to the red mud mixture; and adjusting pH of the remaining alkaline leachate after filtering to a weakly acidic level, and conducting filtering to recover aluminum.

The present invention discloses a method for aluminum-enhanced dealkalization of red mud and separation and recovery of aluminum and iron. The method includes: dissolving red mud in water, introducing excessive SO.sub.2, introducing O.sub.2 for aeration, and refluxing part of alkaline leachate after filtering; when pH of a red mud mixture decreases to below 3, washing and filtering the red mud mixture, adding NaOH to acidic leachate to adjust its pH to a strongly alkaline level, aging and filtering the leachate, treating filter residue to recover Fe.sub.2O.sub.3, and refluxing part of alkaline leachate after filtering to the red mud mixture; and adjusting pH of the remaining alkaline leachate after filtering to a weakly acidic level, and conducting filtering to recover aluminum.

A system for resource recycling of sulfur dioxide includes a charcoal reduction furnace, a high temperature dust remover, a cooling separator A, a liquid sulfur tank, a cooling separator, a tail gas absorption tower, a gas stripping tower, a hypo reactor, a centrifuge, a mother liquor tank and a thickener. And a method for resource recycling of sulfur dioxide includes the following steps: (1) preparing elemental sulfur, (2) removing dust from a process gas containing gaseous sulfur, (3) separating elemental sulfur, (4) reabsorbing residual SO.sub.2 gas, (5) purifying sulfur powder, (6) preparing a slurry of cured hypo, (7) performing liquid-solid separation, and (8) preparing an absorption slurry. According to the method, SO.sub.2 gas is reduced into liquid sulfur and sulfur powder, and sodium thiosulfate is coproduced.

A system for resource recycling of sulfur dioxide includes a charcoal reduction furnace, a high temperature dust remover, a cooling separator A, a liquid sulfur tank, a cooling separator, a tail gas absorption tower, a gas stripping tower, a hypo reactor, a centrifuge, a mother liquor tank and a thickener. And a method for resource recycling of sulfur dioxide includes the following steps: (1) preparing elemental sulfur, (2) removing dust from a process gas containing gaseous sulfur, (3) separating elemental sulfur, (4) reabsorbing residual SO.sub.2 gas, (5) purifying sulfur powder, (6) preparing a slurry of cured hypo, (7) performing liquid-solid separation, and (8) preparing an absorption slurry. According to the method, SO.sub.2 gas is reduced into liquid sulfur and sulfur powder, and sodium thiosulfate is coproduced.