A device that retains high moisture capacity in the presence of certain contaminants. The device can include a substrate and a desiccant. The device can be configured in relation to an enclosure such that the device absorbs and desorbs moisture from the enclosure.

A moisture absorbent product prepared according to the present invention is characterized by adjusting a composition ratio of a metal chloride, a metal oxide, a cellulose derivative, and a lipid to a specific range, thereby suppressing corrosion, rust, external leakage of a product due to moisture release in an environment such as high temperature while maintaining a high moisture absorption rate, and minimizing a volume change due to moisture absorption. Thus, the moisture absorbent product can be usefully used as a moisture absorption product embedded in a vehicle lamp.

There is provided a method for producing high-purity bromine pentafluoride while leaving a less amount of an unreacted fluorine gas. The method for producing bromine pentafluoride includes a reaction step of feeding a bromine-containing compound, which is at least one of a bromine gas and bromine trifluoride, and a fluorine gas to a reactor to give a (fluorine atom):(bromine atom) molar ratio, that is, F/Br of 3.0 or more and 4.7 or less and reacting the bromine-containing compound and the fluorine gas to each other to obtain a reaction mixture containing bromine pentafluoride and bromine trifluoride; and a separation step of separating bromine pentafluoride and bromine trifluoride in the reaction mixture from each other.

Biogenic activated carbon compositions disclosed herein comprise at least 55 wt % carbon, some of which may be present as graphene, and have high surface areas, such as Iodine Numbers of greater than 2000. Some embodiments provide biogenic activated carbon that is responsive to a magnetic field. A continuous process for producing biogenic activated carbon comprises countercurrently contacting, by mechanical means, a feedstock with a vapor stream comprising an activation agent including water and/or carbon dioxide; removing vapor from the reaction zone; recycling at least some of the separated vapor stream, or a thermally treated form thereof, to an inlet of the reaction zone(s) and/or to the feedstock; and recovering solids from the reaction zone(s) as biogenic activated carbon. Methods of using the biogenic activated carbon are disclosed.

A method and a composite for evaporative cooling are provided. The method includes synthesizing MOF-801 and preparing CaCl.sub.2@MOF-801 composite based on the MOF-801. The synthesizing MOF-801 includes dissolving fumaric acid and ZrOCl.sub.2.Math.8H.sub.2O into a solvent having N, N-Dimethylformamide and formic acid to produce a mixture; heating the mixture at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined amount of time; cooling the mixture to room temperature to obtain precipitate of MOF-801; separating the MOF-801 by a filter of a predetermined pore size; and drying the separated MOF-801 at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined amount of time to activate the MOF-801. The preparing CaCl.sub.2@MOF-801 composite includes dissolving a predetermined amount of CaCl.sub.2 in deionized (DI) water; applying ultrasonication to the solution for a predetermined amount of time; and mixing the MOF-801 synthesized with the CaCl.sub.2 solution under ultrasonication at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined amount of time.

Certain example embodiments relate to an insulating glass (IG) unit. A spacer system is interposed between first and second substrates. The spacer system helps to maintain the first and second substrates in substantially parallel spaced apart relation to one another, and to define a cavity between the first and second substrates. A desiccant material is located in a body of the spacer system, with the desiccant material comprising a desiccant matrix and a molecular sieve replacement material formed for adsorption at a relative humidity of 10-20%. The molecular sieve replacement material may be a salt or other material (such as, for example, MgCl.sub.2, CaCl.sub.2, CaO, MgSO.sub.4, and/or the like). The cavity may be primarily filled with an inert gas (such as Ar, Kr, Xe, or the like) or a reactive gas (such as CO.sub.2). An electrostatically-driven dynamic shade may be provided in the cavity.

A system for distilling water is disclosed. The system comprises a heat source, and a plurality of open-cycle adsorption stages, each stage comprising a plurality of beds and an evaporator and a condenser between a first bed and a second bed, wherein each bed comprises at least two vapor valves, a plurality of hollow tubes, a plurality of channels adapted for transferring water vapor to and from at least one of the condenser or the evaporator, a thermally conductive water vapor adsorbent, and wherein each vapor valve connects a bed to either the condenser or the evaporator.

An activated carbon sorbent composition comprising activated carbon and a passivation agent, wherein the activated carbon sorbent composition exhibits reduced self-heating or auto-ignition properties as compared to the activated carbon. The activated carbon sorbent composition may be utilized to sequester contaminants such as mercury from a flue gas stream. The passivation agent includes a sulfur species, and may be a sulfur oxide compound, a sulfide compound, or an organic sulfur compound. Methods for the manufacture of the activated carbon sorbent composition and for the sequestration of contaminants in a flue gas stream using the composition are also disclosed.

A tablet having a deliquescent desiccant and a fragrance encapsulated on or within a binding agent. The tablet is in a pressed form. A method of making a tablet involves providing a deliquescent desiccant, encapsulating a fragrance by spray drying the fragrance on a carbohydrate, combining the deliquescent desiccant and the carbohydrate encapsulated fragrance, and pressing the combination into the tablet.

Sorbent compositions containing calcium and iodine are added to coal to mitigate the release of mercury and/or other harmful elements into the environment during combustion of coal containing natural levels of mercury.