A heterogeneous material (e.g., a metal-organic framework or “MOF”) is useful for removing heavy metals from a liquid (e.g., water). The heterogeneous material may incorporate a group 16-containing heterocycle supported on solid media. Thiophene-containing MOFs, such as ATF-1 and DUT-67, may be used to remove lead from water. It is postulated that the metal is adsorbed via non-covalent interactions. The systems and methods described herein may also be applicable to other heavy metals. Thus, the applications are not limited to drinking water purification. Instead, the systems and methods may be used for a broad variety of other applications, such as nuclear waste remediation.

Described are storage and dispensing systems and related methods for the selective dispensing germane (GeH.sub.4) as a reagent gas from a vessel in which the germane is held in sorptive relationship to a solid adsorbent medium that includes zeolitic imidazolate framework.

Provided herein are water harvesting systems, as well as methods of making and using such systems, for capturing water from surrounding air using a design that reduces overall energy costs of the systems and improve water harvesting cycle efficiency. The systems and methods use sorbent materials, such as metal-organic frameworks, to adsorb water from the air. The systems and methods desorb this water in the form of water vapor, and the water vapor is condensed into liquid water and collected. The liquid water is suitable for use as drinking water.

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a metal-organic framework (MOF) composition comprising a plurality of metal clusters, wherein the metal is chromium; and one or more tetratopic ligands; wherein the metal clusters and ligands associate to form a MOF with soc topology. A method of making a MOF comprising contacting a template MOF of formula Fe-soc-MOF and a reactant including chromium in a presence of dimethylformamide sufficient to replace Fe with Cr and form an exchanged MOF of formula Cr-soc-MOF. A method of sorbing water vapor comprising exposing a Cr-soc-MOF to an environment; and sorbing water vapor using the Cr-soc-MOF.

A porous aluminum-based metal-organic framework (MOF) comprises inorganic aluminum chains linked via carboxylate groups of 1H-pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylate (HPDC) linkers, and of formula: [Al(OH)(C.sub.5H.sub.2O.sub.4N.sub.2)(H.sub.2O)].

A material for removing a contaminant, the material including an adsorption material for adsorption of a contaminant and a decomposition material for decomposition of a contaminant, wherein the adsorption material and the decomposition material are complexed with each other, and a contaminant decomposition onset temperature of the decomposition material is equal to or lower than a contaminant desorption onset temperature of the adsorption material.

Embodiments of the disclosure can include a circuit breaker, comprising an enclosure comprising: arcing contacts movable axially relative to each other, between an open position of the circuit breaker in which the arcing contacts are separated from each other and a closed position of the circuit breaker in which the arcing contacts are in contact with each other; and a gas inlet configured to blow an arc-control gas to interrupt an electric arc during movement of the arcing contacts from the closed position to the open position, wherein the arc-control gas comprises at least 80% of carbon dioxide; wherein the enclosure further comprises an adsorbing material, which adsorbs carbon monoxide after ionization of the carbon dioxide during arcing, said adsorber being a metal-organic framework comprising nickel and/or iron.

Disclosed is a method for preparing a matrix containing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), comprising the steps of: 1) mixing an organic ligand precursor solution and an anionic polymer-containing solution to produce a mixed solution; and 2) adding a metal salt to the mixture solution. In addition, the present disclosure provides a matrix containing MOFs prepared according to the preparation method, and an adsorbent comprising the same. Furthermore, a method for performing fluid separation by using a matrix containing MOFs prepared according to the preparation method is disclosed.

Atmospheric moisture harvester systems include two beds with water capture material, such as metal-organic framework (MOF), a heater, two fans, and a condenser having two sides, operatively configured into adsorption and desorption modes, wherein the MOF beds are interchangeable to cycle between the desorption and water adsorption modes. The systems may further include a photovoltaic panel powering the fans and condenser.

Sorbent materials comprising a nanofiber composite including a polymeric material defining a continuous phase and at least one metal organic framework (MOF) material defining a discontinuous phase are provided. The at least one MOF material is dispersed throughout the continuous phase of the polymeric material. Fibrous mats comprising the sorbent materials are also provided. Water harvesting devices utilizing the sorbent materials are also provided.