Systems and methods for synthesizing chemical products, including active pharmaceutical ingredients, are provided. Certain of the systems and methods described herein are capable of manufacturing multiple chemical products without the need to fluidically connect or disconnect unit operations when switching from one making chemical product to making another chemical product.

The present invention provides a hydrogen generating apparatus and a hydrogen generating method, wherein the hydrogen generating apparatus generates hydrogen by dehydrating formic acid, and comprises: a reactor for containing water and a heterogeneous catalyst; a formic acid feeder for feeding formic acid into the reactor; and a moisture remover for removing moisture generated from the reactor.

Disclosed herein is an apparatus and a method for catalytic conversion of chemical substances in the presence of pulverulent catalysts in a trickle bed reactor with residence times in the range of 0.1-10 seconds, wherein the apparatus includes a trickle bed reactor (2), the inlet side of which is functionally connected to a catalyst reservoir vessel (1) and a reactant feed, and the outlet side of which is functionally connected to a separator (3). The separator (3) has an exit conduit for leading off product stream, wherein the apparatus has the characteristic feature that the exit conduit disposed on the separator (3) for leading off product stream has a continuously acting valve connected via a controller to a pressure measurement sensor, wherein the continuously acting valve and the pressure measurement sensor form a pressure control circuit with a controller.

An active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) or related substance (RS) can be tested for stability by placing the API or RS in an instrument containing a pressure-controllable atmosphere, controlling the pressure of the atmosphere in the instrument for a predetermined time, and evaluating the API or RS for stability. Testing can be carried out also at predetermined temperature(s) and/or under the influence of gaseous trigger(s) and so forth. For instance, an API sample can be placed in a bomb test instrument/reactor, oxygen as a gaseous trigger can be introduced to contact the API sample under constant and/or ramped temperature(s) and elevated pressure(s) for predetermined time(s), and the API sample can be evaluated for stability. An insert carousel may hold a sample of API(s) and/or RS(s) and/or aliquot(s) of sample(s) of API(s) and/or RS(s) for insertion into the bomb test instrument/reactor.

In a stirred tank chemical reactor the mean age of the reactor contents affects a number of properties of the product, including for example the homogeneity of the product. The mean average age of the reactor contents can be determined by constructing a transparent model of the reactor and filling it with a fluid containing a fluorescent dye and having flow properties comparable to those of the reactor in use. A light is shone on the fluid as it is stirred under reaction conditions and a clear fluid flow into the model. Pictures are taken of the reactor contents and the mean fluid age of the contents of the model are determined relative to the exit age of the contents. This approach can be applied to determine for example which reactor ports to use, what agitator to use, what flow rates to use to improve reactor function.

A method for conveying a reaction tube unit including a vertical reaction tube and a gas supply pipe provided at a distance from an inner wall of the vertical reaction tube along a longitudinal direction thereof, the method includes: arranging a buffer inside the reaction tube between the inner wall and the gas supply pipe to alleviate a collision; placing the reaction tube unit attached with the buffer on a carriage via a vibration isolator; and conveying the reaction tube unit by moving the carriage.

A method of producing a composite product is provided. The method includes providing a fluidized bed of metal oxide particles in a fluidized bed reactor, providing a catalyst or catalyst precursor in the fluidized bed reactor, providing a carbon source in the fluidized bed reactor for growing carbon nanotubes, growing carbon nanotubes in a carbon nanotube growth zone of the fluidized bed reactor, and collecting a composite product comprising metal oxide particles and carbon nanotubes.

A drug reconstitution system includes a robotic arm movable between a plurality of positions, at least one bracket member operably coupled with the robotic arm, and at least one coaxial needle operably coupled with the robotic arm. The at least one bracket member includes a mounting region, a support surface, an upper surface, and a throughbore extending through the support surface and the upper surface. The at least one coaxial needle is movably disposed between the throughbore of the at least one bracket member. The at least one coaxial needle is adapted to pierce at least a portion of a vial and dispense a liquid into the vial during drug reconstitution.

An assistant system for solution-phase synthesis is disclosed. The assistant system for solution-phase synthesis includes: a reactor (1), a mixing device (2), a temperature control device (3) and a host computer (4). The reactor (1) is arranged on the mixing device (2), the mixing device (2) and the temperature control device (3) are both electrically connected to the host computer (4), so as to implement programmed temperature control over the entire assistant system for solution-phase synthesis. A bottle body (15) of the reactor (1) is arranged to include a reaction inner container (151), a temperature circulating layer (152) and a vacuum layer (153) from inside to outside in sequence.

A light reactor for photochemical material production and/or treatment including a receiving space for receiving materials to be irradiated and/or receiving a reaction vessel containing such materials, a plurality of light sources, and a plurality of optical elements, which are distributed in an annular region in a plurality of rows around the receiving space. The optical elements are designed to form light bundles having main emission axes which, from row to row, are tilted differently with respect to a longitudinal axis of the annular region and together form a radiation space constricted between two cone tips, the center of which radiation space is in the central region of the receiving space.