This disclosure provides an apparatus, system, and method for thermal spraying a metal cladding on a substrate. The apparatus may include a housing having a first electrode and a second electrode disposed in the housing. The second electrode can be spaced apart from the first electrode. The apparatus includes a first contact tip removably attached to the first electrode and a second contact tip removably attached to the second electrode. The position of the first contact tip and second contact tip is configured to be selectively adjusted on the first electrode and the second electrode to provide a plurality of contact surfaces for a feedstock wire. The apparatus includes a nozzle between the first contact tip and the second contact tip. The first contact tip and the second contact tip are configured to contact and deflect a wire towards the nozzle.

An electrostatic device that includes: an air flow regulator system including a pressure regulator and an air flow regulator; a liquid flow regulating system including a set of restrictors; an electrostatic system including an electrostatic emission antenna and an insulating hood of the electrostatic emission antenna; an air-liquid nozzle that is separated from the electrostatic emission antenna; a tank; a positive displacement pump and a low-wetting electrostatic application method.

The invention is directed to a process for forming a particle film on a substrate. Preferably, a series of corona guns, staggered to optimize film thickness uniformity, are oriented on both sides of a slowly translating grounded substrate (copper or aluminum for the anode or cathode, respectively). The substrate is preferably slightly heated to induce binder flow, and passed through a set of hot rollers that further induce melting and improve film uniformity. The sheeting is collected on a roll or can be combined in-situ and rolled into a single-cell battery. The invention is also directed to products formed by the processes of the invention and, in particular, batteries.

An electrostatic atomizer can include a paint supply path configured to supply paint to a paint discharge section; and a high voltage supply path configured to supply a high voltage to a discharge electrode, wherein the discharge electrode comprises a semi-conductive material, and wherein the high voltage supply path includes a high resistance near the discharge electrode, and is electrically segregated from the paint supply path.

The disclosure relates to a device for making charged nanoparticles, the device includes: an atomizer configured to atomize a solution into micro-scaled droplets; a first electrode and a second electrode substantially parallel with and spaced from each other, a power supply configured to apply a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode, at least one first through-hole is defined on the first electrode and at least one second through-hole is defined on the second electrode to allow the micro-scaled droplets to pass through.

The disclosure relates to a method for making charged nanoparticles, the method includes: providing a solution with a first solute; atomizing the solution into micro-scaled droplets; providing a charged electrode with at least one through-hole, a negative or positive electric potential is applied to the electrode; allowing the micro-scaled droplets to pass through the at least one through-hole.

An electrostatic fluid delivery system is configured to deliver fluid, such as a disinfectant fluid, onto a surface by electrically charging the fluid and forming the fluid into a mist, fog, plume, or spray that can be directed onto a surface, such as a surface to be cleaned. The system atomizes the fluid using a high-pressure fluid stream and passes the fluid through an electrode of a nozzle assembly to charge droplets of the atomized fluid.

The present invention provides an electrostatic atomizer which can be inspected at low cost. The electrostatic atomizer includes: a PWM signal generating section (27) which generates a PWM signal for controlling a high voltage generating device (22); an identifying section (28) which identifies an on-time of a PWM signal during a certain time; and a reporting section (33) which causes a report to be sent out of the electrostatic atomizer in a case where the on-time identified by the identifying section (28) is larger than a certain value.

The present disclosure provides a first method for updating firmware of a computer system, which is embedded in a technical device, wherein the technical device has a volatile memory module, wherein the technical device has a non-volatile memory module, in which a firmware update package is stored, wherein the firmware update package contains individual files and associated first checksums, wherein the method runs through the following steps in the specified sequence: a restart (G), a subsequent booting of the computer system (H), and checking if an indicator file exists in the non-volatile memory module (I). Also provided is a second method for updating firmware of the computer system, which is embedded in a technical device, wherein the method runs through the following steps in the specified sequence: a restart (G), a subsequent booting of the computer system (H), and a check as to whether an indicator file exists in the non-volatile memory module (I).

Provided in the present disclosure is a spray ionization device comprising: a first tube that has a first flow path in which a liquid can flow, the first tube having a first outlet on one end thereof from which the liquid is sprayed; a second tube that surrounds the first tube with a gap therebetween and has a second flow path in which a gas can flow, the second tube having a second outlet on the one end thereof and the second flow path being defined by the outer peripheral surface of the first tube and the inner peripheral surface of the second tube; and an electrode contacting the liquid flowing through the first flow path, the electrode being able to apply a voltage to the liquid by means of a power source connected to the electrode, wherein charged droplets of the liquid can be sprayed from the second outlet.