An improved inside of can curing technology is provided. One implementation uses narrowband, semiconductor produced infrared energy which is focused into the inside of the can to affect a very high-speed curing result. It uses focused high powered, radiant energy that will directly impact the coating covering the inside walls of the can to rapidly cure the coating. The curing is accomplished so rapidly that the de-tempering and annealing of the aluminum can body does not have time to occur, thus leaving a stronger can. It is therefore possible to make either a stronger can with the same amount of aluminum or a can of the same strength but with less aluminum. It is also possible to eliminate the natural gas fueled oven that is the current standard and replace it with a completely hydrocarbon-free curing alternative that has superior performance. This high powered radiant, narrowband energy will be introduced directly into each individual can where it will rapidly cure the inside coating while being completely and dynamically digitally controlled to introduce only the needed heat and to not overheat the can.

A method of fabricating a dielectric film includes depositing a first precursor on a substrate. The first precursor includes a cyclic carbosiloxane group comprising a six-membered ring. The method also includes depositing a second precursor on the substrate. The first precursor and the second precursor form a preliminary film on the substrate, and the second precursor includes silicon, carbon, and hydrogen. The method further includes exposing the preliminary film to energy from an energy source to form a porous dielectric film.

A device for applying radiation to a target is provided. The device includes a radiation emitter to emit electromagnetic radiation having a peak emission wavelength in the range from 10 nm-1 mm, and a first reflector that extends in a length direction with a concave cross section. The first reflector defines a cavity area having a perimeter, and includes an inward facing reflective border for at least 50% of the perimeter of the cavity area. Radiation is provided to the cavity area with an intensity distribution I and a maximum intensity I.sub.max. The cavity area includes a focal area defined by all points at which a normalized intensity I/I.sub.max is greater than 0.2. A width of the focal area is 0.0001-0.5 times a width of the cavity area.

Medical devices and methods for drying medical devices are disclosed. An example method for drying a medical device may include disposing a medical device within a drying apparatus. The drying apparatus may include a variable frequency microwave heating device. The medical device may include a substrate, the substrate including an active pharmaceutical ingredient and a solvent. The method may also include heating the medical device with the drying apparatus. Heating may evaporate at least a portion of the solvent.

A method of manufacturing a porous composite electrode including: preparing an ink including a carbon material and a binder; coating a substrate with the ink to manufacture a composite electrode; and irradiating the composite electrode with microwave to remove the binder and an organic material, and a method of removing an organic material of a porous composite electrode.

A laminate having excellent abrasion resistance to physical stimuli such as dust. The laminate comprises a base layer, a hard coat layer and a top coat layer comprising flaky metal oxide fine particles all of which are formed in this order. The flaky metal oxide fine particles are hardened by at least one method selected from the group consisting of ionizing material exposure, ionizing radiation exposure, infrared exposure, microwave exposure and high-temperature vapor exposure.

Medical devices and methods for drying medical devices are disclosed. An example method for drying a medical device may include disposing a medical device within a drying apparatus. The drying apparatus may include a variable frequency microwave heating device. The medical device may include a substrate, the substrate including an active pharmaceutical ingredient and a solvent. The method may also include heating the medical device with the drying apparatus. Heating may evaporate at least a portion of the solvent.

A method for curing photosensitive polyimide (PSPI) films includes the steps of: depositing a PSPI film on a selected substrate, and curing the film by microwave heating at a selected temperature from about 200 to 340? C. in a selected atmosphere containing an oxygen concentration from about 20 to 200,000 ppm. The process atmosphere may be static or flowing. The addition of oxygen improves the removal of acrylate residue and improves the T.sub.g of the cured film, while the low processing temperature characteristic of the microwave process prevents the oxygen from damaging the polyimide backbone. The method may further include the steps of photopatterning and developing the PSPI film prior to curing. The process is particularly suitable for dielectric films on silicon for electronic applications.

A device for applying radiation to a target is provided. The device includes a radiation emitter to emit electromagnetic radiation having a peak emission wavelength in the range from 10 nm-1 mm, and a first reflector that extends in a length direction with a concave cross section. The first reflector defines a cavity area having a perimeter, and includes an inward facing reflective border for at least 50% of the perimeter of the cavity area. Radiation is provided to the cavity area with an intensity distribution I and a maximum intensity I.sub.max. The cavity area includes a focal area defined by all points at which a normalized intensity I/I.sub.max is greater than 0.2. A width of the focal area is 0.0001-0.5 times a width of the cavity area.

A process for treating a surface coating of a bulk metal part, comprises the steps of placing, in a cavity, at least one what is called metal part including what is called a surface coating that is able to absorb microwaves at the frequency ?.sub.0, the cavity being surrounded by one or a plurality of first susceptors the dimensions, material and arrangement of which are configured to screen the microwaves at the frequency ?.sub.0, in the vicinity of each the metal part, and in emitting the microwaves at the frequency ?.sub.0 into the cavity.