The present application relates to the technical field of genetic breeding, and provides a method for identifying whether a diploid potato is self-compatible. The method relates to identifying whether a StSCI gene in the diploid potato is transcribed and expressed. Also disclosed is a method for identifying whether a StSCI gene is expressed by using molecular marker, and a method of screening for the molecular marker, which includes: obtaining the genome sequence information of parental materials, screening for difference sites of the parental materials, screening for the molecular marker, and identifying whether the screened molecular marker are usable. As for the identification of the self-compatibility of a diploid potato by using the screened molecular marker, the identification workload is small, a lot of time is saved, and the identification result is not affected by the environment, and it is accurate and reliable.

Provided is a StSCI protein for changing the self-incompatibility of diploid potato materials, wherein the amino acid sequence of the StSCI protein includes or consists of the following sequence: 1) the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1; or 2) a functional homologous sequence having at least 95% sequence identity with the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1; or 3) a protein in which one or more (e.g., 1-10) amino acids are added, deleted, or replaced in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 and has the activity of inhibiting self-incompatibility. The advantage of the application is that the StSCI protein may inhibit the cytotoxicity of multiple types of S-RNase, which is hereditary and fundamentally overcomes the defect of self-incompatibility of diploid potatoes, thereby facilitating to realize the cultivation of a high-generation homozygous inbred line of diploid potatoes.

A method for transforming a plant includes exposing a shoot apex of an axillary bud of a plant body, and introducing, into the shoot apex, a microparticle coated with at least one kind of nucleic acid.

The present invention relates to diploid, fertile, self-compatible and essentially homozygous potato lines, wherein said lines comprise an agronomically desirable trait such as vigour. The invention further relates to methods for producing such plants and to hybrid seeds obtained by crossing such homozygous potato lines and to potato plants grown from said see.

Processes for the production of large quantities of diploid F1 Solanum potato tubers that are uniform in shape are provided. Diploid F1 hybrid plants are produced from true seeds. The tubers produced by the diploid F1 hybrid plants are either harvested for consumption, processing or extraction, or for production of seedling tubers which are then planted to produce tubers for consumption, processing or extraction. Also provided are diploid F1 hybrid seeds and plants that produce large quantities of tubers that are uniform in shape and produce large quantities of sprouts per tuber when used as seedling tubers.

Disclosed is a method for overcoming self-incompatibility of diploid potatoes, including: (1) selecting a target fragment; (2) constructing a gene-targeting recombinant vector; (3) achieving a loss-of-function mutation of the intracellular S-RNase gene; (4) regenerating a plurality of potato plants; (5) specifically amplifying a DNA segment containing the target fragment of the S-RNase gene in a regenerated plant; (6) selecting a regenerated plant in which the S-RNase gene is edited; (7) further screening the selected gene-edited plant for a diploid gene-edited plant line; (8) propagating and planting the selected gene-edited plant line, and identifying the self-compatible phenotype at the flowering stage; and (9) sequencing the gene amplification products of the harvested offspring of the self-compatible plant, and detecting the inheritance and isolation of the offspring in which the target gene is edited. The invention provides a simple, accurate and efficient method for overcoming the self-incompatibility of diploid potatoes.

The present invention relates to a diploid, fertile, self-compatible and highly homozygous tuber-bearing Solanum species potato line designated Solyntus. The potato line Solyntus produces 15 to 20 tubers per plant. The tubers have a yellow flesh. The phenotype of the plant and tuber is stable through both sexual and asexual reproduction. The potato line Solyntus is produced from seeds or by asexual reproduction of tubers or other plant parts.

Provided herein are hybrid True Potato Seeds (TPS). Also provided herein are potato plants grown from the present hybrid True Potato Seeds and the potato tubers produced by these plants. Also provided herein is use of the present potato tubers for vegetative propagation thereof and to the use of the present potato tubers as seed potato for producing potato tubers for consumption and the food processing industry. Specifically, provided herein are hybrid True Potato Seed (TPS), wherein the seed is tetraploid and is produced as an F1 of a cross between a tetraploid male potato line and a tetraploid female potato line and preferably to hybrid True Potato Seed (TPS) wherein said tetraploid male potato line and said tetraploid female potato line have a sufficient degree of genetic and phenotypic uniformity to yield, as F1, hybrid True Potato Seed (TPS).

Disclosed is a method for breeding self-compatible potatoes, including the following steps: (1) selecting a self-compatible potato variety material and referring to it as PG6359, and cloning the S-RNase gene of PG6359 through the transcriptome sequencing method; and (2) obtaining two full-length sequences of the S-RNase gene from the cloned S-RNase gene in step (1) and referring to them as S.sub.s11 and S.sub.s12 respectively, and after carrying out an artificial self-pollination for the variety material PG6359, selecting the variety material having the genotype of S.sub.s11S.sub.s11 from the offspring as the female parent, and selecting a self-incompatible material as the male parent, and then obtaining a self-compatible F.sub.1 generation by hybridization. The invention overcomes the self-incompatibility of diploid potatoes, and does not require the introduction of any wild potato gene fragments, thereby avoiding linkage drag, and providing a basis for the rapid creation of a diploid potato inbred line.

A potato cultivar designated FL 2512 is disclosed. The invention relates to tubers of potato cultivar FL 2512, to seeds of potato cultivar FL 2512, to plants and plant parts of potato cultivar FL 2512, to food products produced from potato cultivar FL 2512, and to methods for producing a potato plant by crossing potato cultivar FL 2512 with itself or with another potato variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a transgenic potato plant and to the transgenic potato plants and parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to potato plants and plant parts derived from potato cultivar FL 2512, to methods for producing other potato plants or plant parts derived from potato cultivar FL 2512 and to the potato plants and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid potato tubers, seeds, plants and plant parts produced by crossing potato cultivar FL 2512 with another potato cultivar.