A contaminated gas stream can be passed through an in-line mixing device, positioned in a duct containing the contaminated gas stream, to form a turbulent contaminated gas stream. One or more of the following is true: (a) a width of the in-line mixing device is no more than about 75% of a width of the duct at the position of the in-line mixing device; (b) a height of the in-line mixing device is no more than about 75% of a height of the duct at the position of the in-line mixing device; and (c) a cross-sectional area of the mixing device normal to a direction of gas flow is no more than about 75% of a cross-sectional area of the duct at the position of the in-line mixing device. An additive can be introduced into the contaminated gas stream to cause the removal of the contaminant by a particulate control device.

A process gas suction structure for preventing a generation of products from a process gas due to a temperature drop is disclosed. The process gas suction structure includes a double tube structure, and a heating device configured to heat the double tube structure. The double tube structure includes a process-gas flow passage portion where the process gas flows, and a partition portion arranged outside of the process-gas flow passage portion.

A process gas suction structure for preventing a generation of products from a process gas due to a temperature drop is disclosed. The process gas suction structure includes a double tube structure, and a heating device configured to heat the double tube structure. The double tube structure includes a process-gas flow passage portion where the process gas flows, and a partition portion arranged outside of the process-gas flow passage portion.

A method for binding hazardous ammonia in both liquid or gaseous states from organic waste streams using carbon dioxide at ambient temperature and under ambient pressure to reduce ammonia emissions from farming or industrial operations. The method entraps a quantity of ammonia in an ammonia solution by reacting the quantity of ammonia with a quantity of carbon dioxide within a primary reaction vessel to form an ammonia-bound solution at ambient temperature and under ambient pressure. The ammonia-bound solution is able to be stored or transported for use in future chemical processes.

A method for binding hazardous ammonia in both liquid or gaseous states from organic waste streams using carbon dioxide at ambient temperature and under ambient pressure to reduce ammonia emissions from farming or industrial operations. The method entraps a quantity of ammonia in an ammonia solution by reacting the quantity of ammonia with a quantity of carbon dioxide within a primary reaction vessel to form an ammonia-bound solution at ambient temperature and under ambient pressure. The ammonia-bound solution is able to be stored or transported for use in future chemical processes.

Proposed is a carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource recovery system for land use capable of removing carbon dioxide and recycling the captured carbon dioxide into other useful materials by capturing and converting carbon dioxide in the flue gas using a basic alkaline mixture. The carbon dioxide capture and carbon resource recovery system for land use can reduce carbon dioxide by capturing carbon dioxide in flue gas discharged from lands, such as thermal power plants, LNG, LPG, or fuel cell facilities, and by converting the collected carbon dioxide into sodium carbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate, the collected carbon dioxide may be converted into other useful materials.

The principal approaches to reducing the effects of global warming seek to slow the increase in atmospheric CO2 levels as a result of fossil fuel combustion for energy production and transportation. A process for hybrid carbon capture and mineralization are disclosed. The process utilizes both flue gas from (e.g., power plants) and reject brine from (e.g., desalination process). The process includes providing flue gas to react with an amine solution to produce carbamate; processing the carbamate in a reactor to regenerate amine and to produce a carbonate; treating reject brine to provide a ready-made brine for carbonation reaction; and processing the carbamate with salt from treating the brine to produce a carbonate.

The principal approaches to reducing the effects of global warming seek to slow the increase in atmospheric CO2 levels as a result of fossil fuel combustion for energy production and transportation. A process for hybrid carbon capture and mineralization are disclosed. The process utilizes both flue gas from (e.g., power plants) and reject brine from (e.g., desalination process). The process includes providing flue gas to react with an amine solution to produce carbamate; processing the carbamate in a reactor to regenerate amine and to produce a carbonate; treating reject brine to provide a ready-made brine for carbonation reaction; and processing the carbamate with salt from treating the brine to produce a carbonate.

Delivery mechanisms and distribution mechanisms are varied, adjusted, or modified based on a desired fuel application. Dimensions, flow rates, pressures, viscosities, temperatures, friction parameters, and combinations thereof may be varied, adjusted or modified. The fuel application may include a scrubber application. The scrubber application uses a delivery mechanism to deliver a wet or dry scrubbing agent at a low pressure to a distribution mechanism. The distribution mechanism distributes the scrubbing agent within the scrubbing chamber. The delivery mechanism is adjustable based on properties of a feedstock utilized to deliver the scrubbing agent, properties of a propellant, or properties of the scrubbing application. The distribution mechanism is adjustable based on desired distribution characteristics including shape, size, or velocity of drops, mists, or particles distributed. Location, processes, and by-products associated with output of the scrubbing application may be based on a stage of the scrubbing application.

An abatement method is disclosed. The method comprises: supplying a combustion chamber of an abatement apparatus with an effluent stream containing a perfluoro compound, together with combustion reagents and a diluent; heating a combustion zone of said combustion chamber by reacting said combustion reagents to perform abatement of said perfluoro compound to stable by-products, said diluent being selected to remain inert during said abatement. In this way, the perfluoro or other compound is abated in the combustion chamber during the combustion of the combustion reagents, but without creating undesirable compounds such as, for example, NOx or other compounds.