A process for removing hydrogen sulfide (H.sub.2S) from a H.sub.2S-containing gas composition includes charging a liquid to a reactor under continuous agitation and dispersing particles of a CuMgAl compound in the liquid to form a CuMgAl complex mixture. The CuMgAl compound includes CuMgAl layered triple hydroxides and CuMgAl layered triple oxides. The method further includes introducing the H.sub.2S-containing gas composition to the reactor containing the CuMgAl complex mixture under continuous agitation and passing the H.sub.2S-containing gas composition through the CuMgAl complex mixture. In addition, the method includes adsorbing and removing H.sub.2S from the gas composition by the CuMgAl complex mixture to form a purified gas composition.

A hydrocarbon trap to be used in the adsorption of hydrocarbons contained in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine is provided in which a hydrocarbon adsorbing material is supported on a surface of pores of a porous substrate, the hydrocarbon adsorbing material comprises a first zeolite capable of adsorbing olefin contained in the exhaust gas, and a second zeolite capable of adsorbing paraffin and aromatic compound contained in the exhaust gas, the first zeolite adsorbs the olefin in a first temperature range, and desorbs the olefin in a second temperature range which has higher temperature than the first temperature range, and the second zeolite desorbs the paraffin and the aromatic compound in the first temperature range, and adsorbs the paraffin and the aromatic compound in the second temperature range.

The invention relates to a cyclic method of producing a hydrogen rich and/or a carbon monoxide rich stream using different materials, a first solid material, a second solid material and a CO.sub.2 sorbent material. In a first step a first gas stream comprising steam and at least one reductant is brought in contact with the three materials resulting in a hydrogen rich outlet stream. In a second step, the captured CO.sub.2 from the first step is released and converted to CO to produce a CO rich outlet stream. The invention further relates to an installation for producing a hydrogen rich and/or carbon monoxide rich stream.

The present disclosure relates to methods for producing metal sulfide disposed on particle substrates. In at least one embodiment, a method for producing an alkali earth hydroxide particle having a metal sulfide disposed thereon includes introducing an alkali earth oxide particle with a metal sulfate to form a first composition. The method includes introducing an alkali sulfide or an alkali earth sulfide with the first composition to form a second composition. The present disclosure further relates to compositions of matter having metal sulfide disposed on a particle substrate. In at least one embodiment, a composition of matter includes an alkali earth hydroxide particle. The composition of matter includes a metal sulfide disposed on the alkali earth hydroxide particle.

A structure in which a plurality of particles each containing a hydrogen absorption metal element are arranged in a fixed member such that the plurality of particles are apart from each other. An entire surface of each of the plurality of particles is surrounded by the fixed member. The fixed member contains at least one of an oxide and a nitride.

Adsorbents for removing contaminants from hydrocarbon streams are described. The adsorbents comprise polyurethane foam comprising a metal compound. The polyurethane foam can be rigid or flexible and has a structure comprising a combination of open cells and closed cells. Methods of removing contaminants from hydrocarbon streams using the adsorbent are also described.

A method of absorption includes contacting a copper hydroxide nitrate/calcium silicate/graphite-phase carbon nitride [Cu.sub.2(OH).sub.3NO.sub.3/CaSiO.sub.3@g-C.sub.3N.sub.4] nanocomposite catalyst with a solution including one or more pollutants. Further, the method includes absorbing the one or more pollutants on the Cu.sub.2(OH).sub.3NO.sub.3/CaSiO.sub.3@g-C.sub.3N.sub.4 nanocomposite catalyst.