Material compositions have multifunctionality in abatement of water pollution: They are capable of removing hydrocarbons along with various types of other pollutants, such as metals and metal oxides, and phosphates and other organic material, from water streams. In certain embodiments, the multifunctional compositions are comprised of biochar particles, activated carbon particles, or metal (or metal oxide) nanoparticles bound to a cellulosic or other organic matrix material, which are adhered to styrene-butadiene-styrene granules embedded in an M-Class rubber matrix. Methods of synthesis of the multifunctional compositions and products, including filter cartridges and filters, that use such compositions are also disclosed.

Disclosed in certain embodiments are carbon dioxide sorbents that include porous particles impregnated with an amine compound.

Metal organic resins, composite materials composed of the metal organic resins, and anion exchange columns packed with the composite materials are provided. Also provided are methods of using the composite materials to remove metal anions from a sample, methods of using the metal organic resins as fluorescence sensors for detecting metal anions in a sample, and methods of making the metal organic resins and the composite materials. The metal organic resins are amine-functionalized metal organic frameworks and their associated counter anions. The composite materials are composed of metal organic resin particles coated with organic polymers, such as alginic acid polymers.

Polyamines with lengths carefully tailored to the framework dimensions are appended to metal-organic frameworks such as Mg.sub.2(dobpdc) (dobpdc4-=4,4′-dioxidobiphenyl-3,3′-dicarboxylate) with the desired loading of one polyamine per two metal sites. The polyamine-appended materials show step-shaped adsorption and desorption profiles due to a cooperative CO.sub.2 adsorption/desorption mechanism. Several disclosed polyamine-appended materials exhibit strong ability to capture CO.sub.2 from various compositions. Increased stability of amines in the framework has been achieved using high molecular weight polyamine molecules that coordinate multiple metal sites in the framework. The preparation of these adsorbents as well as their characterization are provided.

Disclosed is a method of supported liquid extraction (SLE), wherein adsorption of at least one analyte to a solid phase is performed in the presence of salt. The method may include contacting a sample with salt, adsorption phase such as diatomaceous earth and optionally a subsequent step of phospholipid depletion. Also disclosed is a cartridge including two compartments, for salt and adsorption phase, and optionally a third compartment including a phospholipid depletion phase.

The invention is directed to utilization of a series of cross-linked 1,4-benzenediamine-co-alkyldiamine polymers and the use of the polymers to remove mercury from a hydrocarbon in fluid form.

The invention relates to a heat exchanger having at least one sorption duct in which is arranged a sorption medium and through which a fluid can be made to flow, characterized in that the heat exchanger also contains at least one catalyst with which a fuel can be converted exothermically such that at least some of the resulting heat can be conveyed to the sorption medium. The invention also relates to a method for heating and/or conditioning a gas stream, having at least the following steps: supplying a gas stream, containing multiple different components, into a sorption duct in which is arranged a sorption medium, such that at least one component is bound in the sorption medium, and supplying and exothermically converting at least one fuel under the action of a catalyst, such that at least one component of the gas stream is expelled from the sorption medium.

Provided is a method of producing a porous body of a water-insoluble polymer, the method being excellent in terms of simplicity and capable of suppressing formation of a skin layer. A method of producing a porous body of a water-insoluble polymer disclosed here includes the steps of: preparing a solution in which a water-insoluble polymer is dissolved in a mixed solvent containing a good solvent for the water-insoluble polymer and a poor solvent for the water-insoluble polymer; coating the solution on a substrate; coating a slurry containing insulating particles, a binder and a dispersion medium on the coated solution; and simultaneously drying the coated solution and the slurry to porosify the water-insoluble polymer. The poor solvent has a boiling point higher than a boiling point of the good solvent. The dispersion medium can dissolve the water-insoluble polymer.

A dual ligand sol-gel sorbent and method of manufacture is provided herein. The dual ligand sol-gel sorbent provides superior enrichment effects through simultaneous exploitation of superhydrophobicity of one of the ligands and the ability of the other ligand to undergo - interaction with hydrophobic aromatic analytes. Sorbent performance is enhanced both in terms of analyte enrichment and sorbent stability, such as pH stability and solvent stability.

A first process and sorbent for removing ammonia from a gaseous environment, the sorbent comprised of graphene oxide having supported thereon at least one compound selected from metal salts, metal oxides and acids, each of which is capable of adsorbing ammonia. A second process and sorbent system for removing ammonia and a volatile organic compound from a gaseous environment; the sorbent system comprised of two graphene-based materials: (a) the aforementioned graphene oxide, and (b) a nitrogen and oxygen-functionalized graphene. The sorbents are regenerable under a pressure gradient with little or no application of heat. The processes are operable through multiple adsorption-desorption cycles and are applicable to purifying and revitalizing air contaminated with ammonia and organic compounds as may be found in spacesuits, aerospace cabins, underwater vehicles, and other confined-entry environments.