Provided herein is a chromatography media composed of a porous solid substrate (such as a membrane, metal, or metallic alloy) that is coated with hydroxyapatite (IA). Also provided is a chromatography media comprising a HA-coated substrate and uses thereof. Thus this disclosure provides a chromatography media composed of a porous solid substrate (such as a membrane, metal, or metallic alloy) that is coated with I-IA. Also provided is a chromatography media comprising a HA-coated substrate and uses thereof. Methods of preparing the HA-coated substrate are also provided.

The subject invention concerns metal or metalloid oxide-based sol-gel hybrid sorbent and methods of synthesis. In one embodiment, the sorbent is a ZrO.sub.2 polypropylene oxide based sol-gel. The subject invention also concerns a hollow tube or capillary internally coated with a sorbent of the invention. Sorbent coated tubes and capillaries of the invention can be used in extraction and/or enrichment of samples to be analyzed for catecholamines and related compounds.

Modified chemical structures of cardanol extracted from cashew nut shell oil, and the use of the same to prepare imidazolium ionic liquids (IILs). The IILs can be used to prepare different types of silica, magnetite and calcium carbonate nanoparticles (NPs) as multifunctional oilfield chemicals for use in various oil spill collection, de-emulsification, viscosity improvement, asphaltene dispersant, and enhanced oil recovery applications.

Modified chemical structures of cardanol extracted from cashew nut shell oil, and the use of the same to prepare imidazolium ionic liquids (IILs). The IILs can be used to prepare different types of silica, magnetite and calcium carbonate nanoparticles (NPs) as multifunctional oilfield chemicals for use in various oil spill collection, de-emulsification, viscosity improvement, asphaltene dispersant, and enhanced oil recovery applications.

Modified chemical structures of cardanol extracted from cashew nut shell oil, and the use of the same to prepare imidazolium ionic liquids (IILs). The IILs can be used to prepare different types of silica, magnetite and calcium carbonate nanoparticles (NPs) as multifunctional oilfield chemicals for use in various oil spill collection, de-emulsification, viscosity improvement, asphaltene dispersant, and enhanced oil recovery applications.

Modified chemical structures of cardanol extracted from cashew nut shell oil, and the use of the same to prepare imidazolium ionic liquids (IILs). The IILs can be used to prepare different types of silica, magnetite and calcium carbonate nanoparticles (NPs) as multifunctional oilfield chemicals for use in various oil spill collection, de-emulsification, viscosity improvement, asphaltene dispersant, and enhanced oil recovery applications.

Modified chemical structures of cardanol extracted from cashew nut shell oil, and the use of the same to prepare imidazolium ionic liquids (IILs). The IILs can be used to prepare different types of silica, magnetite and calcium carbonate nanoparticles (NPs) as multifunctional oilfield chemicals for use in various oil spill collection, de-emulsification, viscosity improvement, asphaltene dispersant, and enhanced oil recovery applications.

Modified chemical structures of cardanol extracted from cashew nut shell oil, and the use of the same to prepare imidazolium ionic liquids (IILs). The IILs can be used to prepare different types of silica, magnetite and calcium carbonate nanoparticles (NPs) as multifunctional oilfield chemicals for use in various oil spill collection, de-emulsification, viscosity improvement, asphaltene dispersant, and enhanced oil recovery applications.

Modified chemical structures of cardanol extracted from cashew nut shell oil, and the use of the same to prepare imidazolium ionic liquids (IILs). The IILs can be used to prepare different types of silica, magnetite and calcium carbonate nanoparticles (NPs) as multifunctional oilfield chemicals for use in various oil spill collection, de-emulsification, viscosity improvement, asphaltene dispersant, and enhanced oil recovery applications.

Disclosed herein is a composite material in the form of a bead, the beads are either formed from: a polyethyleneimine, graphene oxide, and zeolite nanoparticles, where the bead has a hollow core and a layered shell structure comprising a plurality of layers of graphene oxide and a plurality of layers of polyethyleneimine, where any two layers of graphene oxide are separated by a layer of polyethyleneimine and the zeolite nanoparticles are intercalated between the plurality of graphene oxide layers, and the polyethyleneimine is crosslinked by a negatively charged crosslinking agent; or a polyethyleneimine and graphene oxide, where the bead has a hollow core and a layered shell structure comprising a plurality of layers of graphene oxide and a plurality of layers of polyethyleneimine, where any two layers of graphene oxide are separated by a layer of polyethyleneimine, and covalent bonds are formed between the polyethyleneimine and the graphene oxide to crosslink the polyethyleneimine to the graphene oxide. Also disclosed herein are methods of using the composite material and its manufacture.