The present disclosure relates to compounds that are useful as near-infrared fluorescence probes, wherein the compounds include i) a pteroyl ligand that binds to a target receptor protein, ii) a dye molecule, and iii) a linker molecule that comprises an amino acid or derivative thereof. The disclosure further describes methods and compositions for incorporating the compounds as used for the targeted imaging of tumors. Conjugation of the amino acid linking groups increase specificity and detection of the compound. Methods and compositions for use thereof in diagnostic imaging are contemplated.

The present disclosure relates to compounds that are useful as near-infrared fluorescence probes, wherein the compounds include i) a pteroyl ligand that binds to a target receptor protein, ii) a dye molecule, and iii) a linker molecule that comprises an amino acid or derivative thereof. The disclosure further describes methods and compositions for incorporating the compounds as used for the targeted imaging of tumors. Conjugation of the amino acid linking groups increase specificity and detection of the compound. Methods and compositions for use thereof in diagnostic imaging are contemplated.

Disclosed is an isoform of hexokinase 1 (HK1), namely hexokinase 1b (HK1b), for use as a prognosis marker and as a specific target for use in treatment of cancer.

A method that evaluates metastatic behavior, apoptotic behavior, and/or cancer therapy response efficiency. The method has steps. The method has steps and some of those steps are: Providing a first cell culture having cancer cells and a second cell culture. There is no physical contact between the first cell culture and the second cell culture. Co-culturing the first cell culture and the second cell culture having no physical contact therebetween under a mutual headspace. Determining concentrations of VOCs in the mutual headspace. Comparing the concentrations of the VOCs in the mutual headspace to the concentrations of VOCs in a control sample. Identifying a set of VOCs indicative of cell-to-cell signaling in cancer cells in the mutual headspace wherein the VOCs have concentrations that are significantly different as compared to the control sample. And evaluating metastatic behavior, apoptotic behavior, and/or cancer therapy response efficiency using the set of VOCs identified above.

The present invention is directed to methods of identifying and treating a human subject harboring a tumor or other disease comprising assessing HRG gene expression at a protein level in the human subject and administering a treatment comprising an anti-HER3 antibody to the human subject whose HRG gene expression at a protein level is assessed as high. The present invention is also directed to methods of identifying a human subject harboring a tumor or other disease comprising assessing HRG gene expression at a protein level in the human subject and withholding a treatment comprising an anti-HER3 antibody to the human subject whose HRG gene expression at a protein level is assessed as low. The invention is also directed to methods of performing an ELISA, including sequential steps of contacting a solid surface with a plurality of solutions each comprising in turn a capture antibody, a blocking agent, a sample suspected of containing an analyte, a detection antibody and an enzyme conjugate, in which the solid surface is subjected to a wash process after each sequential step.

The present invention is directed to compositions of matter useful for the diagnosis and treatment of tumor in mammals and to methods of using those compositions of matter for the same.

A method for assessing susceptibility of cell lung cancer cells to a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, a method for preparing lung cancer cells resistant to a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and a method for assessing an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase activity of lung cancer cells. The methods use a reagent suitable for measuring an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase activity and that contains: a modified polypeptide to which an acceptor and a donor inducing Frster resonance energy transfer are bound, and which includes CrkL, a CrkL fragment retaining an SH2 domain and a portion subjected to phosphorylation by a tyrosine kinase, or a CrkL variant that has an amino acid sequence having an identity of 90% or more with respect to an amino acid sequence of CrkL or the CrkL fragment and that becomes a substrate for a tyrosine kinase; or a nucleic acid encoding the modified polypeptide.

A method for assessing susceptibility of cell lung cancer cells to a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, a method for preparing lung cancer cells resistant to a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and a method for assessing an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase activity of lung cancer cells. The methods use a reagent suitable for measuring an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase activity and that contains: a modified polypeptide to which an acceptor and a donor inducing Frster resonance energy transfer are bound, and which includes CrkL, a CrkL fragment retaining an SH2 domain and a portion subjected to phosphorylation by a tyrosine kinase, or a CrkL variant that has an amino acid sequence having an identity of 90% or more with respect to an amino acid sequence of CrkL or the CrkL fragment and that becomes a substrate for a tyrosine kinase; or a nucleic acid encoding the modified polypeptide.

A method for diagnosing Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) from a sample extracted from a subject by testing the sample for the presence of biomarkers, the biomarkers being autoantibodies against XAGE1D, LRRFIP2 and GAGE2C. Also claimed are a method of manufacturing a kit, and compositions comprising a panel of said antigens or exosomal autoantibodies.

A method for diagnosing Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) from a sample extracted from a subject by testing the sample for the presence of biomarkers, the biomarkers being autoantibodies against XAGE1D, LRRFIP2 and GAGE2C. Also claimed are a method of manufacturing a kit, and compositions comprising a panel of said antigens or exosomal autoantibodies.