A heat pump includes a refrigerant loop. The refrigerant loop includes a first heat exchanger, a first region of a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a fourth heat exchanger, a compressor, a vapor generator, and a four-way valve. The compressor includes a low-pressure inlet, a mid-pressure inlet, and an outlet. The vapor generator is positioned downstream of the outlet of the compressor and upstream of both the low-pressure inlet and the mid-pressure inlet. The four-way valve is positioned immediately upstream of the first heat exchanger. At least one component chosen from the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, and the vapor generator is free from compressor-driven flow of the first heat exchange fluid during a first predetermined set of heating modes of operation of the heat pump and a first predetermined set of cooling modes of operation of the heat pump.

An air conditioning unit for a recreational vehicle including a first heater and a second heater, and configured to initiate a heating operation including analyzing an interior temperature and an exterior temperature, determine an operating mode of the air conditioning unit, and controlling the first heater and the second heater according to the determined operation mode.

A vehicle air-conditioning apparatus includes: a hot water heater core provided in a hot water circuit in which cooling water circulates in a heat source to recover waste heat of the heat source, and configured to exchange heat between the cooling water heated by the waste heat of the heat source and air to heat the air, thereby heating an inside of a vehicle by using the heated air; a heat pump configured to exchange heat between a refrigerant discharged from a refrigerant compressor and air by using an indoor heat exchanger to heat the air, thereby heating the inside of the vehicle by using the heated air; an electric heater configured to heat air to heat the inside of the vehicle; and a controller configured to select at least one of the hot water heater core, the heat pump and the electric heater to perform a heating operation.

A refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus performs, even during a heating operation under air conditions leading to formation of frost, a defrosting operation while simultaneously continuing the heating operation and improves comfort through heating by securing an appropriate amount of ventilation. A plurality of refrigeration cycles independently performs a heating operation and a defrosting operation. By controlling a ventilation damper of an indoor unit that is to perform a defrosting operation to increase the amount of ventilation, a prior ventilation operation for securing the time-averaged required amount of ventilation including the period in which the defrosting operation is being performed is performed before the defrosting operation, and after the prior ventilation is terminated, the defrosting operation is started.

The present disclosure provides a thermal management system for an electric vehicle. The electric vehicle may include a cabin, a battery system, a battery coolant loop including a battery coolant line thermally coupled to the battery system, a heat pump loop including a heat pump line thermally coupled to an internal heat exchanger, and a refrigerant-coolant heat exchanger thermally coupled to the battery coolant loop and the heat pump loop. The thermal management system may be configured to provide heating or cooling to the cabin or battery system depending on an operating mode.

A heat pump system for a motor vehicle is disclosed. The heat pump system includes a refrigerant circuit that is flowable through by a refrigerant. The refrigerant circuit has a first partial circuit with a low pressure accumulator, a compressor, a heat pump heater, and an exterior heat exchanger. The refrigerant circuit has a second partial circuit with an evaporator and a chiller. The refrigerant circuit has a valve arrangement. The first partial circuit and the second partial circuit are fluidically connected with one another exclusively via the valve arrangement.

There is disclosed a vehicle air conditioner device which is capable of continuing air conditioning of a vehicle interior also in a case where a failure occurs in a solenoid valve to change a flow of a refrigerant in each operation mode. A vehicle air conditioner device 1 includes a solenoid valve 17 for cooling, a solenoid valve 21 for heating and a solenoid valve 22 for dehumidifying to switch respective operation modes of the vehicle air conditioner device. A controller changes and executes the respective operation modes of a heating mode, a dehumidifying mode, and a cooling mode. The controller has a predetermined air conditioning mode during failure, and failure detecting means for detecting failure of the solenoid valve. In a case where the failure detecting means detects that the solenoid valves fail in the respective operation modes, the controller selects the air conditioning mode during failure in which vehicle interior air conditioning by the operation mode is achievable, to continue the air conditioning of the vehicle interior.

A heat pump cooling and heating system for an electric vehicle includes a range extending PCM heat exchanger (24), with a single acting phase change material with a melt temperature between the two comfort temperatures associated with cooling and heating, respectively. In a charging mode, as the vehicle batteries are charged, the same exterior current source runs the compressor (10), charging the PCM exchanger (24) with heat or “cold.” During an initial range extending mode, the PCM exchanger/reservoir (24) serves as the heat source or heat sink. The PCM material does not directly heat or cool the air, as is conventional, allowing a single reservoir material to be used in both heating and cooling modes.

A refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus performs, even during a heating operation under air conditions leading to formation of frost, a defrosting operation while simultaneously continuing a heating operation and that improves comfort through heating by ensuring an appropriate amount of ventilation. A plurality of refrigeration cycles that are capable of independently performing a heating operation and a defrosting operation, are provided. A ventilation damper of an indoor unit in which a refrigeration cycle that performs a defrosting operation is installed is closed during a defrosting operation, and a ventilation damper of an indoor unit in which a refrigeration cycle that performs a heating operation is installed is controlled to achieve a required amount of ventilation corresponding to the indoor ventilation state.

An air conditioner system for mobility is provided. The air conditioner system is configured to secure the air conditioning performance in cooling and heating conditioning and to prevent a battery from being deteriorated as the battery is prevented from being overcharged while the air conditioner system is driven when the battery is charged by the regenerative breaking while the charge amount of the battery is already high.