A negative electrode active material including a core containing SiO.sub.x (0≤x<2) and a lithium-containing compound, and a shell disposed on the core and containing SiO.sub.x (0≤x<2) and magnesium silicate.

Organosilica materials made from monomers including at least a source of silica that is reactive to polymerize, optionally in combination with at least one additional cyclic monomer. Methods for making such organosilica materials are also described herein.

One-pot synthetic methods are disclosed for synthesizing curable, antimicrobial silsesquioxane-silica hybrids by hydrolytically co-condensing a tetraalkoxysilane with two different trialkoxysilanes. Particles are also disclosed that are substantially spherical and have an ordered lamellar internal structure. In addition, polymers prepared front the curable, antimicrobial silsesquioxane-silica hybrids and co-monomers are disclosed.

One-pot synthetic methods are disclosed for synthesizing curable, antimicrobial silsesquioxane-silica hybrids by hydrolytically co-condensing a tetraalkoxysilane with two different trialkoxysilanes. Particles are also disclosed that are substantially spherical and have an ordered lamellar internal structure. In addition, polymers prepared front the curable, antimicrobial silsesquioxane-silica hybrids and co-monomers are disclosed.

The use of a C10~C34 fatty acids compound in the preparation of a the electrode materials for lithium-ion battery improves the coating uniformity of electrode materials prepared with solid-state method. The fatty acid provided by the invention is a dispersant, which achieves the uniformly dispersion of the coating material on the surface of battery material, and significantly increases the coating uniformity of the electrode material coated with solid-state method, it greatly improves the feasibility of manufacturing the electrode material of lithium-ion battery with solid-state method, and is conducive to the more economical and simpler manufacture of electrode material.

The use of a C10~C34 fatty acids compound in the preparation of a the electrode materials for lithium-ion battery improves the coating uniformity of electrode materials prepared with solid-state method. The fatty acid provided by the invention is a dispersant, which achieves the uniformly dispersion of the coating material on the surface of battery material, and significantly increases the coating uniformity of the electrode material coated with solid-state method, it greatly improves the feasibility of manufacturing the electrode material of lithium-ion battery with solid-state method, and is conducive to the more economical and simpler manufacture of electrode material.

Crystals having a modified regular tetrahedron shape are provided. Crystals preferably have four substantially identical triangular faces that define four truncated vertices and six chamfered edges. The six chamfered edges can have an average length of l, and an average width of w, and 8≦l/w≦9.5.

Crystals having a modified regular tetrahedron shape are provided. Crystals preferably have four substantially identical triangular faces that define four truncated vertices and six chamfered edges. The six chamfered edges can have an average length of l, and an average width of w, and 8≦l/w≦9.5.

Disclosed is a silicon-carbon composite negative-electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery having improved electrochemical properties which contains a carbon material derived from a wood-based material and a compound containing an isocyanate functional group in order to improve unstable dispersibility of silicon-based particles used as a negative-electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery, thereby improving electrical conductivity and producing stable electrode slurry. Further, a method for producing the same, and a lithium secondary battery including the same are disclosed.

This invention describes the encapsulation of and self-assembly of meso (nano) porous silica particles from inorganic an inexpensive silica precursor, sodium silicate. The particles have a well defined shape, high surface area, and high uniformity of the pore size, the properties that are typically found for high quality mesoporous material synthesized from organic silica precursors. The disclosure illustrates a synthesis of hard spheres, discoids, and a mixture comprising discoids, gyroids and fibers, termed as origami.