Treatment chemicals (for example, scale inhibition chemicals) can be applied to fluids in a pipeline by diverting a side stream of the produced water from a pipeline into a vessel containing a solid material to release of an active fluid treatment agent from the solid material into the diverted produced water; merging the diverted produced fluid containing the active fluid treatment agent into the pipeline; and adjusting a flow rate of the diverted side stream of the produced water to change a level of the active fluid treatment agent in the flow of produced water in the pipeline. Treatment systems can include a pipeline, a vessel containing a solid treatment material; a bypass line providing a fluid connection between the pipeline and an inlet of the vessel; and a return line providing a fluid connection between an outlet of the vessel and the pipeline.

Provided herein are methods of reducing microbial concentrations in water with a peracid disinfectant. The method can include the steps of measuring the quality of the water in real-time and dosing the water with a first dose of a peracid disinfectant; measuring the peracid disinfectant demand; and adding one or more subsequent doses of the peracid disinfectant. The subsequent peracid disinfectant dose can be controlled by a processor-based controller based on peracid disinfectant demand.

As a measure of water integrity in water treatment and distribution systems, stabilized hydrogen peroxide is used as the secondary disinfectant. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide is monitored throughout the system and, if needed, additional hydrogen peroxide is injected into the system to maintain the level at established standard. An apparatus and method for measuring hydrogen peroxide concentration in water to an accuracy of 0.1 mg/L within water treatment and distribution systems comprises a colorimetric assay method to determine hydrogen peroxide concentration. The assay is monitored spectophotometrically at a desired wavelength. Each sample is corrected relative to a control sample and hydrogen peroxide concentration determined with respect to a standard curve.

A filtration treatment system of raw water includes a raw water supply line to supply raw water, a filtration device provided on the raw water supply line to filter impurities in the raw water, a separation device provided on a rear side of the filtration device and equipped with a separation membrane to separate filtered raw water into permeated water and concentrated water; an organic substance monitoring device provided on either front or rear or both front and rear of the filtration device to monitor an amount of an organic substance in the raw water, and a control device to execute backwashing of the filtration device with the permeated water as backwashing water in a case in which the amount of the organic substance in the raw water exceeds a reference value as a result of monitoring by the organic substance monitoring device.

Disclosed herein is a water treatment system for connection to a water treatment plant (e.g. a dissolved air flotation device). The plant may have an inlet for the receipt of feed water (e.g. waste water) and an outlet for the discharge of treated water. The treatment system may comprise a first sensor disposed such that it is in fluidity communication with the feed water, and a second sensor disposed such that it is in fluidity communication with the treated water. The first and second sensors may be configured to sense parameters of the feed and treated water. The system may further comprise a first applicator (e.g. a pump) that is configured to discharge a treatment source (e.g. a chemical source) to the plant to treat the feed water. The disclosed system may be used to treat waste water (e.g. the treatment of effluent from oil refineries, petrochemical and chemical plants, natural gas processing plants, paper mills and general water treatment). The system has analogous applications in other processing methods that also use DAF, or very similar, systems, such as the processing of mineral ores and other such solid extraction processing methods.

An apparatus for the extraction of phosphorus from wastewater that includes a precipitation module and a retention module. The precipitation module includes a crystallization vessel, one or more inlets disposed in a lower region of the precipitation module and at least one outlet disposed in an upper region of the precipitation module. The retention module includes a sedimentation vessel, at least one inlet disposed in an upper region of the retention module and at least one outlet disposed in a lower region of the retention module. At least one outlet of the precipitation module is connected to at least one inlet of the retention module and at least one outlet of the retention module is connected to at least one inlet of the precipitation module. The volume VS of the sedimentation vessel is greater than/equal to 0.6 times the volume VC of the crystallization vessel (VS≧0.6.Math.VC).

The present invention relates to systems and methods for cleaning materials, such as flooring and upholstery. In some cases, the systems and methods use an electrolytic cell to electrolyze a solution comprising sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium acetate, sodium percarbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, and/or any other suitable chemical to generate electrolyzed alkaline water and/or electrolyzed oxidizing water. In some cases, the cell comprises a recirculation loop that recirculates anolyte through an anode compartment of the cell. In some cases, the cell further comprises a sensor and a processor, where the processor is configured to automatically change an operation of the cell, based on a reading from the sensor. In some cases, a fluid flows past a magnet before entering the cell. In some additional cases, fluid from the cell is conditioned by being split into multiple conduits that run in proximity to each other. Additional implementations are described.

A liquid treatment device includes a base with a power source, a UV-LED module for providing UV-B or UV-C light to liquid, an LED for providing visible light, and a processor for selectively powering the UV-LED module and the LED, and having a UV transmissive material above the UV-LED module for allowing the UV-B or UV-C band light from the UV-LED module to be transmitted from the base housing, and a liquid storage housing removably coupled to the base housing with a storage portion configured to hold liquid and having a bottom portion comprising a UV transmissive material for allowing the UV-B or UV-C band light from the UV-LED module to be transmitted into the liquid, and an output coupled for restricting outflow of the liquid from the storage portion.

The present disclosure provides a water treatment module, a bioreactor comprising one or more of such modules and a receptive water treatment system. Also provided herein is a method making use of the above module, bioreactor and system. The water treatment module comprises (i) at least one elongated gas enclosure comprising a gas inlet and two vertical walls, at least one vertical wall comprising a water-impermeable and gas-permeable membrane having a water-facing side and a gas-facing side, the two vertical walls separating between water external to said enclosure and gas within said enclosure, the gas enclosure being in a rolled or folded configuration to thereby define a convoluted horizontal path and one or more water-treatment spaces formed between opposite water facing sides of the enclosure; and (ii) a diffuser arrangement comprising gas diffusers configured for introducing a stream of gas into the one or more water treatment spaces.

A system and method of treating wastewater. In one embodiment, the system comprises a biological reactor fluidly connected to a source of wastewater and having a treated wastewater outlet, a fixed film biological reactor connected to the source of wastewater and having a fixed film effluent outlet, and a ballasted system fluidly connected to the fixed film effluent outlet. The ballasted system may comprise a ballast reactor tank configured to provide a ballasted effluent, and a source of ballast material fluidly connected to an inlet of the ballast reactor tank. The system may further comprise a bypass line having an inlet fluidly connected to the source of wastewater, a first outlet fluidly connected to the ballasted system, and a second outlet fluidly connected to the fixed film biological reactor, the bypass line configured to bypass the fixed film biological reactor.