A composition for solar cell electrodes includes a silver powder; a glass frit; and an organic vehicle, wherein the glass frit includes bismuth (Bi), tellurium (Te), and chromium (Cr).

Example embodiments relate to a composition for forming a solar cell electrode, and a solar cell electrode prepared using the composition. The composition for forming a solar cell electrode includes a silver (Ag) powder, a glass frit, and an organic vehicle, wherein the glass frit includes silver (Ag); tellurium (Te); and at least one selected from the group of lithium (Li), sodium (Na), and potassium (K), a molar ratio of the silver (Ag):the tellurium (Te) included in the glass frit is in a range of about 1:0.1 to about 1:50, and a molar ratio of the silver (Ag):lithium (Li), sodium (Na) or potassium (K) is in a range of about 1:0.01 to about 1:10. The solar cell electrode prepared using the composition has excellent fill factor and conversion efficiency due to minimized contact resistance (Rc) and series resistance (Rs).

Provided is optical glass containing, in terms of mol % of cations: 10 to 60% of a La.sup.3+ component; more than 0% and up to 75% of a Ga.sup.3+ component; and 5 to 75% of a Nb.sup.5+ component, in which a total amount of the La.sup.3+ component, Ga.sup.3+ component, and Nb.sup.5+ component is 60 to 100%.

Provided is optical glass containing, in terms of mol % of cations: 10 to 60% of a La.sup.3+ component; more than 0% and up to 75% of a Ga.sup.3+ component; and 5 to 75% of a Nb.sup.5+ component, in which a total amount of the La.sup.3+ component, Ga.sup.3+ component, and Nb.sup.5+ component is 60 to 100%.

In general, the invention relates to electro-conductive pastes comprising a glass which comprises molybdenum and lead as a constituent of a solar cell paste, and the use of such in the preparation of photovoltaic solar cells. More specifically, the invention relates to electroconductive pastes, precursors, processes for preparation of solar cells, solar cells and solar modules. The invention relates to an electro-conductive paste at least comprising as paste constituents: a) metallic particles; b) a glass; c) an organic vehicle; and d) an additive; wherein the glass comprises the following: i) Pb in the range from about 1 to about 94 wt. %; ii) Mo in the range from about 2 to about 30 wt. %; iii) O in the range from about 1 to about 50 wt. %; with the wt. % in each case being based on the total weight of the glass.

A composition for solar cell electrodes, a solar cell electrode, and a solar cell, the composition including silver powder; glass frit; an organic vehicle; and an epoxy group-containing silicon compound, wherein the glass frit includes bismuth and tellurium, and the organic vehicle includes a cellulose resin.

Disclosed is a lead-free glass, which is characterized by comprising 5-55 weight % of V.sub.2O.sub.5, 5-75 weight % of TeO.sub.2, 6-20 weight % of a total of RO (at least one selected from the group consisting of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO) and 0.1-6 weight % of ZnO in a glass component, V.sub.2O.sub.5+TeO.sub.2+RO+ZnO being 70 weight % or greater. From this lead-free glass, a sealing material having fluidity which is capable of sealing at 400° C. or lower can be obtained.

A method for performance prediction of a functional glass system, which includes the following steps: determining species of atoms for structural search according to components of a target glass system; performing structural search based on a first principle to search out compounds that can be formed by interaction between the atoms; comparing a formation energy and a phonon spectrum of each of the compounds to obtain stable compounds; constructing a glass structural composition diagram according to the stable compounds, microstructural units of a glassy compound adjacent to a target glass composition point are structural genes of the glass; and calculating a property of the target glass according to a leverage model formula of a multiplex glass system, the leverage model formula of the multiplex glass system being P0=Σ.sub.i=1.sup.nPi×Li.

An optical glass includes, in terms of mol % of cations, a total amount of La.sup.3+, Y.sup.3+, and Gd.sup.3+ components falling within a range of from 5% to 65% and a total amount of Zr.sup.4+, Hf.sup.4+, and Ta.sup.5+ components failing within a range of from 5% to 65%, and a relationship expressed in Expression (1) given below is satisfied. (La.sup.3++Y.sup.3++Gd.sup.3+)×(Zr.sup.4+ Hf.sup.4++Ta.sup.3+)≥400(%).sup.2.

An optical glass includes, in terms of mol % of cations, a total amount of La.sup.3+, Y.sup.3+, and Gd.sup.3+ components falling within a range of from 5% to 65% and a total amount of Zr.sup.4+, Hf.sup.4+, and Ta.sup.5+ components failing within a range of from 5% to 65%, and a relationship expressed in Expression (1) given below is satisfied. (La.sup.3++Y.sup.3++Gd.sup.3+)×(Zr.sup.4+ Hf.sup.4++Ta.sup.3+)≥400(%).sup.2.