Provided herein a polyoxometalate compound represented by formula (I): (Q).sub.n[XM.sub.aM.sub.bM.sub.c(L.sub.a)(L.sub.b)(L.sub.c)W.sub.9O.sub.37] (I) or a solvate thereof; and a method of electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) using the polyoxometalate compound.

A trichlorogermanide of formula (I): [R.sub.4N]/[R.sub.4P]Cl[GeCl.sub.3] (I), where R is Me, Et, iPr, nBu, or Ph, tris(trichlorosilyl)germanide of formula (II): [R.sub.4N]/[R.sub.4P][Ge(SiCl.sub.3).sub.3] (II), where R is Me, Et, iPr, nBu, or Ph, a tris(trichlorosilyl)germanide adduct of GaCl.sub.3 of formula (III): [Ph.sub.4P][Ge(SiCl.sub.3).sub.3*GaCl.sub.3], and a tris(trichlorosilyl)germanide adduct of BBr.sub.3 of formula (IV): [Ph.sub.4P][Ge(SiCl.sub.3).sub.3*BBr.sub.3]. Also, methods for preparing the trichlorogermanides of formula (I), the tris(trichlorosilyl)germanide of formula (II), the tris(trichlorosilyl)germanide adduct of BBr.sub.3 of formula (IV).

N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidine compounds, N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidinates, N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidine metal salt complexes, N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidinate metal salt complexes are described. Methods for making N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidine compounds, N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidinates, N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidine metal salt complexes, and N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidinate metal salt complexes are also disclosed. Catalyst systems utilizing the N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidine metal salt complexes and N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidinate metal salt complexes are also disclosed along with the use of the N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidine compounds, N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidinates, N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidine metal salt complexes, and N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidinate metal salt complexes for the oligomerization and/or polymerization of olefins.

The present invention relates to a method for the production of an absorbent made of metal-organic framework structures (MOF), in the case of which at least one metal salt is converted with at least one organic ligand. The conversion is effected at a temperature greater than 100 C. in a solvent mixture which comprises DMSO and water. The invention relates in addition to an adsorbent produced with the method according to the invention or to a substrate coated with such an adsorbent and also to possibilities of use of such an adsorbent or substrate.

A novel zeolitic imidazolate framework material comprises a partially saturated benzimidazole or a partially saturated substituted benzimidazole as a linking ligand, optionally together with unsaturated benzimidazole or an unsaturated substituted benzimidazole as a further linking ligand.

A scintillating material, preparation method and use thereof are provided. The chemical formula of the scintillating material is C.sub.42H.sub.42X.sub.2MnO.sub.2P.sub.2, wherein X is selected from a group consisting of Cl and Br. The scintillating material has excellent X-ray scintillation performance and sensitive X-ray detection capability, and the detection limit of the scintillating material is far lower than the conventional medical diagnosis dose criterion of 5.50 ?Gy.sub.air/s. Compared with existing commercial scintillating materials, the scintillating material of the present application has remarkable superiority in performance, overcomes the defects of heavy metal pollution, high energy consumption and the like caused in the synthesis process of the scintillating material, and has important commercial application value in the field of green synthesis of high-performance scintillating materials.

Halide ligand free rhenium complexes are described as well as methods for depositing rhenium-containing films. Some embodiments provide a rhenium complex with a general formula of O.sub.3ReO-M-R1R2R3, where M is a group IV element, R1 is selected from H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, an aromatic ring, or alkoxy, and R2 and R3 are each independently selected from H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, an aromatic ring, or alkoxy, or R2 and R3 join together to form a ring structure or an oxo group. Some embodiments provide a rhenium complex with a general formula of Re(NR).sub.3(NHR), where R and R are independently selected from H, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or an aromatic ring.

An apparatus for producing metal organic frameworks, comprising: a tubular flow reactor comprising a tubular body into which, in use, precursor compounds which form the metal organic framework are fed and flow, said tubular body including at least one annular loop.

The present invention provides unimolecular metal complexes having increased activity in the copolymerization of carbon dioxide and epoxides. Also provided are methods of using such metal complexes in the synthesis of polymers. According to one aspect, the present invention provides metal complexes comprising an activating species with co-catalytic activity tethered to a multidentate ligand that is coordinated to the active metal center of the complex.

The present disclosure relates to urinary polyamines useful as prostate cancer biomarkers. In particular, the present disclosure provides a novel, highly-sensitive and specific, method for detecting and quantifying urinary polyamines using lanthanide complexes or citrate capped gold nanoparticles.