Disclosed herein are embodiments of nanohoop compounds, methods of making, and methods of using the same. The nanohoop compounds disclosed herein have discrete ring system(s) that comprise a unique meta-substituted motif that affords a strained cavity in which myriad reaction chemistries can take place. The unique structures and properties of the nanohoop compounds disclosed herein also lend to their use in a variety of biological applications, and as interlocked structures in molecular machines.

A three-dimensional-forming photo-curable composition includes a (meth)acrylic compound having a (meth)acryloyl group; a photo-radical generator; and a polyrotaxane having a plurality of cyclic molecules having at least one of a (meth)acryloyl group and a hydroxyl group.

Provided are supramolecular polypseudorotaxane hydrogel compositions and 3-D structures capable of reversible 3-D structural deformation which include (a) a solvent; (b) an at least partially linear polymer, where the polymer further comprises groups capable of covalent crosslinking between the polymers; (ii) at least one first macrocyclic ring which forms a pseudorotaxane with a polymer in the polymer network; and (iii) at least one second macrocyclic ring that does not form the pseudorotaxane. The hydrogel composition has a viscosity which allows for 3-D printing of the hydrogel to form a 3-D structure, and a storage (elastic) modulus after crosslinking that allows for the 3-D structure to undergo reversible 3-D structural deformation upon change of solvent conditions. Also provided are methods of manufacturing the compositions and 3-D structures.

The present invention relates to a urethane resin obtained by reacting a polymerizable composition containing at least a urethane prepolymer (B2) having an iso(thio)cyanate group at an end of a molecule thereof, which is obtained by reacting a bifunctional active hydrogen-containing compound (C1) having two groups having active hydrogen in a molecule thereof and a bifunctional iso(thio)cyanate group-containing compound (B1) having two iso(thio)cyanate groups in a molecule thereof, a polyrotaxane (A) having a composite molecular structure formed by an axial molecule and a plurality of cyclic molecules clathrating the axial molecule, in which side chains having a group having active hydrogen are introduced into at least a part of the cyclic molecules, and a polyfunctional active hydrogen-containing compound (C2) other than the polyrotaxane (A) and having three or more groups having active hydrogen in a molecule thereof. In accordance with the present invention, it is possible to provide a urethane resin for a sliding member with high abrasion resistance and capable of being suitably used as a polishing pad.

The present invention provides an optical composition from which an optical article having reduced poor appearance such as cloudiness and optical strain during lens base material production can be obtained, and when a photochromic compound is added, a photochromic cured body having excellent photochromism and mechanical strength can also be formed, and a polyrotaxane used therefor. The polyrotaxane has a composite molecular structure formed of an axle molecule and a plurality of cyclic molecules clathrating the axle molecule, satisfying at least one of (X) and (Y). (X): A side chain having a secondary or tertiary hydroxyl group is introduced into at least part of the cyclic molecule of the polyrotaxane. (Y): A side chain having a group represented by -A (A is an organic group, and contains at least one hydroxyl group) is introduced into at least part of the cyclic molecule of the polyrotaxane, and a pKa of the hydroxyl group of the compound represented by H-A is 6 or more and less than 14.

The present invention provides a spherical powder having properties, such as an excellent strength, toughness, and deformation recovery, and provides a method for producing same. The present invention provides: a spherical powder containing a crosslinked body formed having (A) a polyrotaxane in which both ends of a pseudopolyrotaxane, which are formed by inclusion of the opening of a cyclic molecule by threading therethrough with a linear molecule, are provided with a capping group so that dethreading of the linear molecule is prevented, in particular, a spherical powder having an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 1,000 m, preferably 1 to 500 m, more preferably 1 to 300 m, and still more preferably 1 to 150 m; and a method for producing this spherical powder.

The present invention provides isolated nanosheets each of which includes a plurality of pseudo-polyrotaxanes and which are easily isolated without adhering to each other. The present invention provides an isolated nanosheet including a plurality of pseudo-polyrotaxanes each having one or more first cyclic molecules and a linear molecule included in a cavity or cavities of the first cyclic molecules in a skewered manner, wherein the linear molecules include, as part thereof, first linear molecules each having an ionizable group that ionizes in water or an aqueous solution.

In one embodiment the invention relates to a method of preparing a polyrotaxane, said method comprising: performing a radical copolymerization of at least (a) a first polymerizable monomer having a stopper group, and of at least (b) a second polymerizable hydrophobic monomer, wherein said second monomer is complexed by a ring-shaped molecule, and of at least (c) a third polymerizable hydrophilic monomer; wherein during said copolymerization a copolymer threading said ring-shaped molecule is formed, wherein during said copolymerization said first monomer having a stopper group is incorporated into the chain of said copolymer at least partially between the ends thereof, and wherein said stopper groups prevent said ring-shaped molecule from disassembling from the copolymer; and wherein the amount of said first monomer having a stopper group is of from 0.1 mol % to 20 mol % based on 100 mol % of the total amount of polymerizable monomers. In another embodiment the invention relates to a method of preparing a polyrotaxane, said method comprising: performing a radical copolymerization of at least (a) a first polymerizable monomer having a stopper group, and of at least (b) a second polymerizable partially hydrophilic monomer, wherein said second monomer is complexed by a ring-shaped molecule, and wherein said second monomer has a solubility in water at 20 C. of from 5 g/L to 40 g/L; wherein during said copolymerization a copolymer threading said ring-shaped molecule is formed, wherein during said copolymerization said first monomer having a stopper group is incorporated into the chain of said copolymer at least partially between the ends thereof, and wherein said stopper groups prevent said ring-shaped molecule from disassembling from the copolymer; and wherein the amount of said first monomer having a stopper group is of from 0.1 mol % to 20 mol % based on 100 mol % of the total amount of polymerizable monomers. Furthermore, the present invention relates to methods of preparing cross-linked polyrotaxanes and cross-linked polyrotaxanes which can be prepared using such methods. Thus, the present invention also relates to polyrotaxane and crosslinked polyrotaxanes. The invention also relates to products which contain the polyrotaxanes or cross-linked polyrotaxanes or which can be prepared from the polyrotaxanes or the cross-linked polyrotaxanes. The present invention further relates to the use of polyrotaxanes or cross-linked polyrotaxanes in various applications, such as the use as a self-healing material.

Provided is a molded article comprising a resin, wherein the molded article has a Hermann's degree of orientation f of 0.006 or more which is determined by the following formula (1) and the following formula (2) based on an azimuth angle distribution curve obtained by wide-angle X-ray diffraction measurement and a haze of less than 10%, the resin comprises a structural unit derived from a monomer comprising a carbon-carbon double bond at the end and a structural unit derived from a polyrotaxane compound, and the polyrotaxane compound comprises cyclic molecules comprising a functional group capable of addition polymerization with the carbon-carbon double bond, a linear molecule clathrated in a skewer shape by the cyclic molecules, and blocking groups disposed at the ends of the linear molecule to prevent elimination of the cyclic molecules.

Disclosed is a resin composition including a thermoplastic resin (A) and a polyrotaxane (B) whose cyclic molecule is modified with a graft chain having a reactive functional group at the end, which are mixed together, the resin composition containing a fibrous filler (C) in the amount of 1 to 200 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the thermoplastic resin (A) and the polyrotaxane (B). To provide a resin composition capable of affording a molded article having excellent balance between rigidity and toughness.