A fuel composition for powering a combustion engine, the composition comprising a liquid base fuel; and a (co)polymer obtainable by (co)polymerizing at least the following monomers: one or more bicyclic (meth)acrylate esters (a); up to 15 wt % of styrene (b); optionally other ethylenically unsaturated monomers that are not monomer (a) or (b); up to a total of 100 wt %, wherein the weight percentages of the monomer are based on the total weight of all of the monomers.

This disclosure relates to compositions and methods of making an additized fuel composition comprising a base fuel composition and a randomly branched nitrate composition. The randomly branched nitrate composition includes a plurality of primary nitrate molecules, each molecule therein having an empirical chemical formula of C.sub.nNO.sub.3, wherein C.sub.n is a branched aliphatic moiety which may be the same or different for each molecule, n is an integer selected from the group consisting of 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, at least one carbon atom in the branched aliphatic moiety being bound to three or more carbon atoms, a branching index ranging from 1.8 to 2.2, and greater than 80% of the branches in the aliphatic moiety being in other than the alpha position. The additized fuel composition may be diesel fuel composition or a gasoline fuel composition.

This disclosure relates to compositions and methods of making an additized fuel composition comprising a base fuel composition and a randomly branched nitrate composition. The randomly branched nitrate composition includes a plurality of primary nitrate molecules, each molecule therein having an empirical chemical formula of C.sub.nNO.sub.3, wherein C.sub.n is a branched aliphatic moiety which may be the same or different for each molecule, n is an integer selected from the group consisting of 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, at least one carbon atom in the branched aliphatic moiety being bound to three or more carbon atoms, a branching index ranging from 1.8 to 2.2, and greater than 80% of the branches in the aliphatic moiety being in other than the alpha position. The additized fuel composition may be diesel fuel composition or a gasoline fuel composition.

The present disclosure relates to a vehicle, system, and method for on-board catalytic upgrading of hydrocarbon fuels. In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, a vehicle may include, amongst other things, an internal combustion engine configured to provide motive force to the vehicle, an unreformed fuel subsystem, a reformed fuel subsystem, and a fuel system control architecture. The unreformed fuel subsystem may be structurally configured to transfer unreformed hydrocarbon fuel from the on-board point-of-sale fuel tank to the internal combustion engine. The reformed fuel subsystem may be structurally configured to reform hydrocarbon fuel from the on-board point-of-sale fuel tank and transfer reformed fuel to the internal combustion engine along a reformed fuel supply pathway separated from the unreformed fuel supply pathway. The fuel system control architecture may include a reformate flow control device and a cetane rating controller. The cetane rating controller and the reformate flow control device may cooperate to deliver an upgraded hydrocarbon fuel to a combustion zone of the internal combustion engine.

The present disclosure relates to a vehicle, system, and method for on-board catalytic upgrading of hydrocarbon fuels. In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, a vehicle may include, amongst other things, an internal combustion engine configured to provide motive force to the vehicle, an unreformed fuel subsystem, a reformed fuel subsystem, and a fuel system control architecture. The unreformed fuel subsystem may be structurally configured to transfer unreformed hydrocarbon fuel from the on-board point-of-sale fuel tank to the internal combustion engine. The reformed fuel subsystem may be structurally configured to reform hydrocarbon fuel from the on-board point-of-sale fuel tank and transfer reformed fuel to the internal combustion engine along a reformed fuel supply pathway separated from the unreformed fuel supply pathway. The fuel system control architecture may include a reformate flow control device and a cetane rating controller. The cetane rating controller and the reformate flow control device may cooperate to deliver an upgraded hydrocarbon fuel to a combustion zone of the internal combustion engine.

Provided is a gasoline product containing a combustion improver, and a method for preparing the gasoline product. The combustion improver is added to gasoline to reduce an octane number and thus an ignition point of the gasoline, so that the gasoline product can be used in a compression ignition internal combustion engine. The combustion improver-containing gasoline product is a low-octane number gasoline, and is capable of being ignited through compression by an internal combustion engine having a compression ratio in the range from 12 to 22.

A fuel composition for powering a combustion engine the composition comprising: a liquid base fuel; and a copolymer obtainable by copolymerizing at least the following monomers: —at least one bicyclic (meth)acrylate ester; —at least one fatty-alkyl (meth)acrylate; —optionally, and preferably, at least one aromatic vinyl monomer; and —optionally other ethylenically unsaturated monomers.

A fuel composition for powering a combustion engine the composition comprising: a liquid base fuel; and a copolymer obtainable by copolymerizing at least the following monomers: —at least one bicyclic (meth)acrylate ester; —at least one fatty-alkyl (meth)acrylate; —optionally, and preferably, at least one aromatic vinyl monomer; and —optionally other ethylenically unsaturated monomers.

Diesel fuel composition comprising a diesel base fuel and at least one blowing agent wherein the blowing agent is selected from ester compounds, oxalate compounds and diazene compounds and wherein the blowing agent has a solubility in diesel base fuel at 25° C. of 100 mg/kg or greater, a decomposition temperature in the range from 50° C. to 300° C. as measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and wherein the diesel fuel composition has an evaporation rate of greater than that of the diesel base fuel as measured by acoustic levitation.

Diesel fuel composition comprising a diesel base fuel and at least one blowing agent wherein the blowing agent is selected from ester compounds, oxalate compounds and diazene compounds and wherein the blowing agent has a solubility in diesel base fuel at 25° C. of 100 mg/kg or greater, a decomposition temperature in the range from 50° C. to 300° C. as measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and wherein the diesel fuel composition has an evaporation rate of greater than that of the diesel base fuel as measured by acoustic levitation.