The present disclosure provides for methods of improving the performance of a combustion engine after-treatment device, such as particulate filters and/or three-way catalyst systems, over its useful life by using a lubricating oil composition including one or more base oils of lubricating viscosity and an additive package with increased amounts of least one oil-soluble silicon-containing compound.

A preparation method of a chelated lithium molybdate lubricant additive includes: adding kaolin and HDTMS into deionized water, performing magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment, then stirring to perform a reaction, and after the reaction is finished, filtering, washing and drying a reaction product to obtain alkylated kaolin; adding the alkylated kaolin and APTMS into deionized water, performing magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment, then stirring to perform a reaction, and after the reaction is finished, centrifuging, washing and drying a reaction product to obtain amino/alkylated kaolin; adding the amino/alkylated kaolin into a chelated lithium molybdate ionic liquid, stirring for a reaction, and after the reaction is finished, filtering, washing and drying a reaction product to obtain the chelated lithium molybdate lubricant additive. The prepared lubricant additive has good dispersibility in base oil, and performs well in friction reduction and anti-wear.

A preparation method of a chelated lithium molybdate lubricant additive includes: adding kaolin and HDTMS into deionized water, performing magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment, then stirring to perform a reaction, and after the reaction is finished, filtering, washing and drying a reaction product to obtain alkylated kaolin; adding the alkylated kaolin and APTMS into deionized water, performing magnetic stirring and ultrasonic treatment, then stirring to perform a reaction, and after the reaction is finished, centrifuging, washing and drying a reaction product to obtain amino/alkylated kaolin; adding the amino/alkylated kaolin into a chelated lithium molybdate ionic liquid, stirring for a reaction, and after the reaction is finished, filtering, washing and drying a reaction product to obtain the chelated lithium molybdate lubricant additive. The prepared lubricant additive has good dispersibility in base oil, and performs well in friction reduction and anti-wear.

A lubricating oil composition, a method of reducing low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI) in a direct-injected spark-ignited internal combustion engine, and a use of a lubricant composition to reduce LSPI events in such an engine. Preferably, the composition comprises a detergent comprising an overbased calcium detergent having a total base number (TBN) of at least 150, wherein the lubricating oil composition has a calcium content of at least 0.08 wt. %, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition, and wherein the lubricating oil composition has a silicon content of at least 12 ppm by weight, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition.

A lubricating oil composition, a method of reducing low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI) in a direct-injected spark-ignited internal combustion engine, and a use of a lubricant composition to reduce LSPI events in such an engine. Preferably, the composition comprises a detergent comprising an overbased calcium detergent having a total base number (TBN) of at least 150, wherein the lubricating oil composition has a calcium content of at least 0.08 wt. %, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition, and wherein the lubricating oil composition has a silicon content of at least 12 ppm by weight, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition.

A lubricating composition comprises an oil of lubricating viscosity, a metal-free pre-ceramic polymer and one or more co-additives. The metal-free pre-ceramic polymer comprises a plurality of repeat units which do not contain oxygen. The pre-ceramic polymers provide the lubricating oil composition with antiwear properties. Also described is a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine and the use of a lubricating oil composition containing a pre-ceramic polymers to inhibit wear in an internal combustion engine.

A lubricating composition comprises an oil of lubricating viscosity, a metal-free pre-ceramic polymer and one or more co-additives. The metal-free pre-ceramic polymer comprises a plurality of repeat units which do not contain oxygen. The pre-ceramic polymers provide the lubricating oil composition with antiwear properties. Also described is a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine and the use of a lubricating oil composition containing a pre-ceramic polymers to inhibit wear in an internal combustion engine.

A lubricant composition for a compression-ignition internal combustion engine comprises: (i) an amine as an ashless fuel additive having a total base number (TBN) of from about 275 to about 600 mg KOH/g when tested according to ASTM D2896; and (ii) a detergent selected from metal sulfonates, phenates, salicylates, carboxylates, thiophosphonates, and combinations thereof. The lubricant composition has a TBN of from about 20 to about 130 mg KOH/g when tested according to ASTM D2896. The amine contributes greater than about 30% of the TBN of the lubricant composition. Further, a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine with the lubricant composition comprises the steps of injecting a fuel and the lubricant composition into a cylinder to form a mixture, and combusting the mixture via compression-ignition.

A lubricant composition for a compression-ignition internal combustion engine comprises: (i) an amine as an ashless fuel additive having a total base number (TBN) of from about 275 to about 600 mg KOH/g when tested according to ASTM D2896; and (ii) a detergent selected from metal sulfonates, phenates, salicylates, carboxylates, thiophosphonates, and combinations thereof. The lubricant composition has a TBN of from about 20 to about 130 mg KOH/g when tested according to ASTM D2896. The amine contributes greater than about 30% of the TBN of the lubricant composition. Further, a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine with the lubricant composition comprises the steps of injecting a fuel and the lubricant composition into a cylinder to form a mixture, and combusting the mixture via compression-ignition.

According to the present invention, the composition for treating aluminum containing surfaces comprises the reaction product of at least one amine-functionalized organosilane and/or oligomer and/or polymer thereof and at least one fatty acid, wherein the molar ratio of the amino group/s of the at least one amine-functionalized organosilane and/or oligomer and/or polymer thereof and of the at least one fatty acid is 1.2:1 to 1:2, and wherein the at least one amine-functionalized organosilane and/or oligomer and/or polymer thereof is linked to the at least one fatty acid by at least one carboxylic acid/amine salt bond and/or at least one amide bond.