A process for the fermentative production of a biosurfactant brings a microorganism into contact with a medium that includes a mixture of saccharides. The mixture of saccharides includes glucose and at least one further saccharide which may be fructose, isomaltose, maltose, maltulose, or panose. The microorganism and the medium are provided under conditions where the microorganism is capable of synthesizing the biosurfactant.

The present invention relates to the use of a known enzyme denominated as a Starmerella bombicola lactone esterase (Sble) to perform a transesterification and/or hydrolysis reaction. More specifically the Sble enzyme performs a transesterification and/or hydrolysis reaction on bola amphiphilic glycolipids. The invention indeed discloses that said Sble is capable to convert bola sophorolipids into lactonic and/or acidic sophorolipids and saccharides, and, that yeast strains containing a non-functional or dysfunctional Sble enzyme and/or a disabled sble gene and/or not containing the sble gene produce (acetylated) bola amphiphilic glycolipids. In addition, the invention further discloses a method to produce non-acetylated (bola) amphiphilic glycolipids via rendering acetyltransferase enzymes At1, At2 and At3 non-functional or dysfunctional in the latter yeast strains and/or by modifying strains so that they do not contain the acetyltransferase t1, t2 and t3 gene(s) and/or by strains not containing the t1, t2 and t3 gene(s). Moreover, upon rendering the glucosyltransferase B (UgtB1) non-functional or dysfunctional in the abovementioned strains and/or upon removing and/or disabling the ugtB1 gene and/or by strains not containing the ugtB1 gene these produce acetylated and/or non-acetylated bola amphiphilic glucolipids. The invention further discloses a method to produce non-acetylated glycolipids via rendering acetyltransferase enzymes At1, At2 and/or At3 non-functional or dysfunctional and/or removing and/or disabling the glycolipid acetyltransferase genes in glycolipid producing yeast strains and/or by strains not containing the t1, t2 and t3 gene(s).

The present invention relates to the use of a known enzyme denominated as a Starmerella bombicola lactone esterase (Sble) to perform a transesterification and/or hydrolysis reaction. More specifically the Sble enzyme performs a transesterification and/or hydrolysis reaction on bola amphiphilic glycolipids. The invention indeed discloses that said Sble is capable to convert bola sophorolipids into lactonic and/or acidic sophorolipids and saccharides, and, that yeast strains containing a non-functional or dysfunctional Sble enzyme and/or a disabled sble gene and/or not containing the sble gene produce (acetylated) bola amphiphilic glycolipids. In addition, the invention further discloses a method to produce non-acetylated (bola) amphiphilic glycolipids via rendering acetyltransferase enzymes At1, At2 and At3 non-functional or dysfunctional in the latter yeast strains and/or by modifying strains so that they do not contain the acetyltransferase t1, t2 and t3 gene(s) and/or by strains not containing the t1, t2 and t3 gene(s). Moreover, upon rendering the glucosyltransferase B (UgtB1) non-functional or dysfunctional in the abovementioned strains and/or upon removing and/or disabling the ugtB1 gene and/or by strains not containing the ugtB1 gene these produce acetylated and/or non-acetylated bola amphiphilic glucolipids. The invention further discloses a method to produce non-acetylated glycolipids via rendering acetyltransferase enzymes At1, At2 and/or At3 non-functional or dysfunctional and/or removing and/or disabling the glycolipid acetyltransferase genes in glycolipid producing yeast strains and/or by strains not containing the t1, t2 and t3 gene(s).

Hard surface cleaning compositions that contain at least one rhamnolipid, at least one alkyl sarcosinate anionic surfactant, and at least one builder are disclosed. The compositions provide a combination of good soil removal and low film/streak properties, and are useful for soil removal applications including, but not limited to, cleaning bathroom and kitchen articles and/or surfaces.

The invention discloses a flavonoid glycoside glycosyltransferase LbUGT71BX1 in laportea bulbifera as well as the coding gene and the use thereof. The amino acid sequence of the flavonoid glycoside glycosyltransferase LbUGT71BX1 is shown as SEQ ID NO: 2. The nucleotide sequence of the coding gene of the flavonoid glycoside glycosyltransferase LbUGT71BX1 is shown as SEQ ID NO: 1. According to the invention, on the basis of relevant results of the second-generation transcriptome and the third-generation full-length transcriptome sequencing of the laportea bulbifera, the last-step key enzyme LbUGT71BX1 for the synthesis of the flavonoid glycoside in the laportea bulbifera is screened and identified by using a reverse genetics method, filling the terminal blank of the biosynthesis pathway of the flavonoid glycoside in the laportea bulbifera.

The invention discloses a flavonoid glycoside glycosyltransferase LbUGT71BX1 in laportea bulbifera as well as the coding gene and the use thereof. The amino acid sequence of the flavonoid glycoside glycosyltransferase LbUGT71BX1 is shown as SEQ ID NO: 2. The nucleotide sequence of the coding gene of the flavonoid glycoside glycosyltransferase LbUGT71BX1 is shown as SEQ ID NO: 1. According to the invention, on the basis of relevant results of the second-generation transcriptome and the third-generation full-length transcriptome sequencing of the laportea bulbifera, the last-step key enzyme LbUGT71BX1 for the synthesis of the flavonoid glycoside in the laportea bulbifera is screened and identified by using a reverse genetics method, filling the terminal blank of the biosynthesis pathway of the flavonoid glycoside in the laportea bulbifera.

Surfactants based on a newly discovered class of compounds include a hydrophobic lipid oligomer covalently linked to a peptide or peptide-like chain and a carbohydrate moiety, and a serine-leucinol dipeptide linked to the lipid oligomer. Such surfactants can be used to create an oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion by mixing together a polar component; a non-polar component; and the surfactant. Biosurfactants of the newly discovered class can be made by isolating and culturing a microorganism which produces the biosurfactant, and then isolating the biosurfactant from the culture. A microorganism can be engineered to produce biosurfactant of this newly discovered class by expressing a set of heterologous genes involved in the biosynthesis of the biosurfactant in the microorganism.

Surfactants based on a newly discovered class of compounds include a hydrophobic lipid oligomer covalently linked to a peptide or peptide-like chain and a carbohydrate moiety, and a serine-leucinol dipeptide linked to the lipid oligomer. Such surfactants can be used to create an oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion by mixing together a polar component; a non-polar component; and the surfactant. Biosurfactants of the newly discovered class can be made by isolating and culturing a microorganism which produces the biosurfactant, and then isolating the biosurfactant from the culture. A microorganism can be engineered to produce biosurfactant of this newly discovered class by expressing a set of heterologous genes involved in the biosynthesis of the biosurfactant in the microorganism.

A method of making glycomonolipids, comprising: (a) making glycomonolipids via a single catalytic step by contacting a hydroxy fatty acid with a glycosyl donor in the presence of an enzyme selected from i) a glycosyltransferase; and ii) glycosidases; (b) optionally isolating the made glycomonolipids; wherein the glycomonolipids have the following Formula 1:

##STR00001##

wherein n is from 0 to 15; wherein X is selected from an alkyl, aryl, heteroalkyl, heteroaryl, unsaturated alkenyl, and unsaturated heteroalkenyl, and combinations and stereoisomers thereof; and wherein X has a carbon chain length from 4 to 22; wherein M is selected from one or two of glucose, sulfoquinovose, fructose, galactose, ribose, maltose, xylose, rhamnose, sophorose, mannose, arabinose, fucose, and combinations and stereoisomers thereof; and wherein R is selected from H, an alkyl selected from a straight-chained, branched or cyclic alkyl; a heteroalkyl; aryl; heteroaryl; hetero arylalkyl; arylalkyl; tauryl; and all possible stereoisomers and combinations thereof.

The invention relates to systems and methods for effective production and use of microorganisms and/or the fermentation broth in which they are produced. Advantageously, the system is cost-effective, scalable, quick, versatile, efficacious, and helpful in reducing resistance to chemical compounds and residue that concerns consumers.