A process of fabricating a shield, a process of preparing a component, and an erosion shield are disclosed. The process of fabricating the shield includes forming a near-net shape shield. The near-net shape shield includes a nickel-based layer and an erosion-resistant alloy layer. The nickel-based layer is configured to facilitate secure attachment of the near-net shaped to a component. The process of preparing the component includes securing a near-net shape shield to a substrate of a component.

In various embodiments, electronic devices such as touch-panel displays incorporate interconnects featuring a conductor layer and, disposed above the conductor layer, a capping layer comprising an alloy of Cu and one or more refractory metal elements selected from the group consisting of Ta, Nb, Mo, W, Zr, Hf, Re, Os, Ru, Rh, Ti, V, Cr, and Ni.

The invention relates to a method for coating a substrate 40, a coating system for carrying out the method, and a coated body. In a first method step 62, the substrate 40 is to pretreated in a ion etching process. In a second method step 64, a first coating layer 56a with a thickness of 0.1 μm to 6 μm is deposited on the substrate 40 by means of a PVD process. In order to achieve a particularly high-quality and durable coating 50, the surface of the first coating layer 56a is treated by means of an ion etching process in a third method step 66, and an additional coating layer 56b with a thickness of 0.1 μm to 6 μm is deposited on the first coating layer 56a by means of a PVD process in a fourth method step 68. The coated body comprises at least two coating layers 56a, 56b, 56c, 56d with a thickness of 0.1 μm to 6 μm on a substrate 40, wherein an interface region formed by ion etching is arranged between the coating layers 56a, 56b, 56c, 56d.

An article including a metal having an austenite transformation temperature of 850 degrees C. or more. The metal may be a steel, such as a stainless steel, a martensitic steel, or a martensitic stainless steel. In some embodiments, the metal is a steel including iron, molybdenum, and tungsten, and at least one of the following: manganese, nickel, chromium, and vanadium, where the manganese, nickel, chromium, and vanadium are in the following ranges: manganese: less than 0.1 wt %, nickel: less than 0.7 wt %, chromium: more than 12.5 wt %, and vanadium: more than 0.3 wt %. The article may have a surface coated with inorganic particles. In some embodiments, the article is an extrusion die, such as a honeycomb extrusion die.

Provided is a cutting tool including a base material and a coating layer provided on the base material, the coating layer including a titanium carbonitride layer provided on the base material, an intermediate layer provided on the titanium carbonitride layer in contact therewith, and an alumina layer provided on the intermediate layer in contact therewith, the intermediate layer being composed of a compound made of titanium, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen, the intermediate layer having a thickness of more than 1 μm, when P.sub.O1 atomic % represents an atomic ratio of the oxygen in an interface between the intermediate layer and the alumina layer, and P.sub.O2 atomic % represents an atomic ratio of the oxygen at a point A away from the interface by 1 μm on a side of the intermediate layer, a ratio P.sub.O1/P.sub.O2 of the P.sub.O1 to the P.sub.O2 being more than or equal to 1.03.

A self-drilling screw (10) having a head (20), a shaft (30) at least partially wearing a thread (35) and a drill point (40). The base material of the screw (10) including the drill point (40) is integrally manufactured from an austenitic 300 series steel with a surface hardness (uncoated) of 400-600 HV 0.3. The surface of the screw has a top coating of Zn—Ni with a Ni-content between 12-15% deposited on the austenitic base material. This self-drilling screw (10) is manufactured from a blank of raw austenite 300 series steel which is initially squeezed by cold forming to reduce its diameter in a first operation and, in following cold forming operations the head, the drill point and a thread are formed.

A cutting tool comprises a substrate and a coating that coats the substrate, the coating including an α-alumina layer provided on the substrate, the α-alumina layer including crystal grains of α-alumina, the α-alumina layer including a lower portion and an upper portion, the upper portion being occupied in area at a ratio of 50% or more by crystal grains of α-alumina having a (006) plane with a normal thereto having a direction within ±15° with respect to a direction of the normal to the second interface, the lower portion being occupied in area at a ratio of 50% or more by crystal grains of α-alumina having a (110) plane with a normal thereto having a direction within ±15° with respect to the direction of the normal to the second interface, the α-alumina layer having a thickness of 3 μm or more and 20 μm or less.

A cutting tool comprises a rake face and a flank face, the cutting tool being composed of a substrate made of a cubic boron nitride sintered material and a coating provided on the substrate, the coating including a MAlN layer, the MAlN layer including crystal grains of M.sub.xAl.sub.1-xN in the cubic crystal system, n.sub.F<n.sub.R being satisfied, where n.sub.F represents a number of voids per 100 μm in length of the MAlN layer on the flank face in a cross section of the MAlN layer, and n.sub.R represents a number of voids per 100 μm in length of the MAlN layer on the rake face in a cross section of the MAlN layer, n.sub.D being 3 or less, where n.sub.D represents a number of droplets per 100 μm in length of the MAlN layer on the flank face in a cross section of the MAlN layer.

A galvannealed steel sheet includes: a steel sheet; a coating layer on a surface of the steel sheet; and a mixed layer formed between the steel sheet and the coating layer, in which the mixed layer includes a base iron portion having fine grains having a size of greater than 0 μm and equal to or smaller than 2 μm, a Zn—Fe alloy phase, and oxides containing one or more types of Mn, Si, Al, and Cr, and in the mixed layer, the oxides and the Zn—Fe alloy phase are present in grain boundaries that form the fine grains and the Zn—Fe alloy phase is tangled with the base iron portion.
[Mn]+[Si]+[Al]+[Cr]≧0.4  (Expression 1)

A coated cutting tool has a substrate and a coating layer. At least one layer of the coating layer is a coarse grain layer with an average layer thickness of 0.2 to 10 μm and an average grain diameter in excess of 200 nm measured at the direction parallel to the interface of the coating layer. A composition of the layer is represented by (Al.sub.aTi.sub.bM.sub.c)X, wherein M represents at least one of Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Y, B and Si, X represents at least one of C, N and O, and a, b and c represents atomic ratios of Al, Ti and M relative to one another such that 0.30≦a≦0.65, 0.35≦0.70, 0≦c≦0.20 and a+b+c=1.