A bathless method for plating a conductive material with composite particles or with high surface coverage. The setup for the bathless electro-plating includes a cathode, a composite mixture, a membrane, and an anode. The cathode is a conductive material. The composite mixture comprises a metal salt, an acid, and a composite material. The composite mixture is applied to the cathode. A hydrophilic membrane is applied to the composite mixture. An anode, with oxidizing properties, is applied to the membrane. A current is applied to the bathless setup. Upon removing the current and composite mixture from the cathode, a metal-based composite coating remains on the cathode.

Provided in one example is a sensor having at least one fissure, the fissure being at least partially filled by at least one polymer formation extending vertically within a passivation layer. The polymer formation protects the underlying metal containing layer from corrosive solutions. Provided in another example is a method of forming the polymer formation in a fissure of a sensor.

Provided in one example is a sensor having at least one fissure, the fissure being at least partially filled by at least one polymer formation extending vertically within a passivation layer. The polymer formation protects the underlying metal containing layer from corrosive solutions. Provided in another example is a method of forming the polymer formation in a fissure of a sensor.

Novel coatings are disclosed prepared from electropolymerization of electropolymerizable monomers-analyte complexes onto a conducting layer or non-conducting of a substrate, where the analyte is removed by electrochemically mediated washing permitting linear molecular sensing of the analyte over a wide concentration range. The coating may also include templating particles deposited on the electrode substrate prior to electropolymerization, where the particles can be removed to form a submicron structured coating. Methods for making and using the coatings are also disclosed.

Novel coatings are disclosed prepared from electropolymerization of electropolymerizable monomers-analyte complexes onto a conducting layer or non-conducting of a substrate, where the analyte is removed by electrochemically mediated washing permitting linear molecular sensing of the analyte over a wide concentration range. The coating may also include templating particles deposited on the electrode substrate prior to electropolymerization, where the particles can be removed to form a submicron structured coating. Methods for making and using the coatings are also disclosed.

A surface treatment agent which is chromate-free and which can impart excellent coating adhesion and corrosion resistance to a metal material (in particular, a metal material treated with a phosphate), a surface treatment method that uses the surface treatment agent, and a surface treated metal material that is treated using the method are provided. The agent is for a metal material and contains a water-soluble ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether. It is preferable for this surface treatment agent to contain at least one type of metal compound selected from among a water-soluble vanadium compound, a water-soluble titanium compound, a water-soluble zirconium compound and a water-soluble hafnium compound.

A surface treatment agent which is chromate-free and which can impart excellent coating adhesion and corrosion resistance to a metal material (in particular, a metal material treated with a phosphate), a surface treatment method that uses the surface treatment agent, and a surface treated metal material that is treated using the method are provided. The agent is for a metal material and contains a water-soluble ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether. It is preferable for this surface treatment agent to contain at least one type of metal compound selected from among a water-soluble vanadium compound, a water-soluble titanium compound, a water-soluble zirconium compound and a water-soluble hafnium compound.

The present invention relates to an acidic aqueous composition for treating of zirconium-pretreated metal-based substrate surfaces such as steel metals or aluminium surfaces, a process for treating the substrate surfaces with the composition and the use of the composition as post-treatment of zirconium-pretreated metal-based substrate surfaces for subsequent electrocoating of the surfaces to increase corrosion resistance of said metal-based surfaces prior to electro-coating (e-coat) applications and increases detergent and chemical resistance of treated surfaces used in the white goods industry. The acidic aqueous composition comprises trivalent chromium ions; and hexafluorozirconate ions; characterized in that the source of trivalent chromium ions is a trivalent chromium nitrate salt.

The present invention relates to an acidic aqueous composition for treating of zirconium-pretreated metal-based substrate surfaces such as steel metals or aluminium surfaces, a process for treating the substrate surfaces with the composition and the use of the composition as post-treatment of zirconium-pretreated metal-based substrate surfaces for subsequent electrocoating of the surfaces to increase corrosion resistance of said metal-based surfaces prior to electro-coating (e-coat) applications and increases detergent and chemical resistance of treated surfaces used in the white goods industry. The acidic aqueous composition comprises trivalent chromium ions; and hexafluorozirconate ions; characterized in that the source of trivalent chromium ions is a trivalent chromium nitrate salt.

The present invention relates to a process for electroplating an adhesive composition onto at least one conductive element, in which the conductive element is placed in contact with the adhesive composition comprising: a phosphate salt and a resin based on: a compound A1, compound A1 being chosen from a compound A11 comprising at least two functions, one of these functions being a hydroxymethyl function and the other being an aldehyde function or a hydroxymethyl function, or a compound A12 comprising at least one aldehyde function, or a mixture of a compound A11 and of a compound A12; and a phenol A21. A potential difference is applied between the conductive element and the adhesive composition to coat the conductive element with an adhesive layer.