Culture systems and methods of using same. The systems include a housing defining an inner space. The inner space includes a headspace and at least a portion of a reservoir. A surface for immobilizing cells is moveable between the headspace and the reservoir. The systems can be used for coculturing methanotrophs and phototrophs for processing biogas and wastewater, particularly from anaerobic digesters.

Methane is generated from animal waste by anaerobic digestion using bacteria. A screen separator removes suspended solids greater in size than a predetermined size ranging from about 50 to about 150. An electrocoagulation unit electrochemically hydrolyses the waste, causing particles to settle out. A dissolved carbon air flotation has a CO.sub.2 bubbler for separating large particles from small particles by flotation. An anaerobic digester produces biogas. The digester has a biocurtain for growing the bacteria and a heat exchanger for heating the bacteria. The biocurtain surface is convoluted to retain the bacteria. A membrane module removes CO.sub.2. A knock out pot for removes droplets of water. A scrubber removes water vapor, particulates, and contaminant gas. A compressor boosts pressure. A gas chromatograph monitors the biogas composition. A flare skid lowers excess pressure for safety. Biogas is injected into a local pipeline system. A process control is used for controlling the anaerobic waste digestion system.

The present invention provides a complete-circulation-type bio-toilet system in which adjustment tanks capable of storing water to be treated are arranged before and after a septic tank, thereby enabling stable provision of the system without stopping the system even when the system is in heavy use. In a bio-toilet system 1 that performs microbial treatment on water to be treated containing filth and circulates the water to be treated as washing water, it is provided with: a raw sewage tank 3 into which the water to be treated containing filth discharged from a toilet 2 is fed; a first adjustment tank 4 that stores water to be treated 31 discharged from the raw sewage tank 3 while performing aerobic treatment thereon by aeration and discharges the stored water to be treated 31 by a pump 43; a septic tank 5 that performs microbial treatment on the water to be treated 31 discharged from the first adjustment tank 4; a second adjustment tank 6 that stores the water to be treated 31 discharged from the septic tank 5 while performing anaerobic treatment thereon and discharges the stored water to be treated 31 by a pump 62; a reaction tank 7 that decomposes organic matter in the water to be treated 31 discharged from the second adjustment tank 6; and a washing tank 8 that stores the water to be treated 31 discharged from the reaction tank 7 for use as washing water for a toilet bowl.

In view of the current pollution to sewage by nitrate nitrogen, the present invention discloses a method for promoting denitrification to remove nitrate nitrogen in water by magnetic resins. In the method disclosed by the present invention, magnetic anion exchange resins are in contact with and mixed with sewage, and nitrate nitrogen in the sewage is removed quickly and efficiently by both the ion exchange between the magnetic anion exchange resins and the nitrate nitrogen in the sewage and the denitrification enhanced by the magnetic material. Meanwhile, the regeneration and recycle of the magnetic anion exchange resins are realized by the denitrification of microorganisms.

An aerated wetland system used for wastewater treatment is disclosed. The system includes a main frame with an entrance and an output opening. The wastewater is entered into the system with maximum velocity via the entrance and via a racetrack. The racetrack comprises an agitated flow pattern with a plurality of baffles along the longitudinal axis of the racetrack to deflect the wastewater and create turbulent flow into the wastewater. The racetrack further includes at least four intersecting sections. The at least two intersecting sections include washed soils and an aeration system and other two intersecting sections include washed soils and a plurality of wetland plants respectively, thereby subjecting the influent wastewater to anaerobic and aerobic conditions respectively, along the racetrack to effectively purify and treat volatile compounds in the influent wastewater. The outlet opening directs out effluent wastewater from the aerated wetland system via the effluent device.

A denitrification biofilter device, including: a regulating pool, a reactor body, a water tank, a first doser, a second doser, a backwash pump, a water inlet pump, and a blower. The regulating pool includes a raw water inlet and a water outlet. The reactor body includes a uniform water distributor, a filler layer, a buffer layer, a filter layer, a supporting layer, a filler supporting plate, a backwash water outlet, a treated water outlet, and a backwash water inlet. The treated water outlet and the backwash water inlet are disposed at the bottom of the reactor body and are connected to the water tank via pipes. The filler layer is filled with zeolites having a grain size of between 4 and 8 mm, a density of between 1.9 and 2.6 g/cm.sup.3, a porosity greater or equal to 48%, and a specific surface area of between 570 and 670 m.sup.2/g.

An aerated wetland system used for wastewater treatment is disclosed. The system includes a main frame with an entrance and an output opening. The wastewater is entered into the system with maximum velocity via the entrance and via a racetrack. The racetrack comprises an agitated flow pattern with a plurality of baffles along the longitudinal axis of the racetrack to deflect the wastewater and create turbulent flow into the wastewater. The racetrack further includes at least four intersecting sections. The at least two intersecting sections include washed soils and an aeration system and other two intersecting sections include washed soils and a plurality of wetland plants respectively, thereby subjecting the influent wastewater to anaerobic and aerobic conditions respectively, along the racetrack to effectively purify and treat volatile compounds in the influent wastewater. The outlet opening directs out effluent wastewater from the aerated wetland system via the effluent device.

A method of reducing a concentration of a nitrogen oxide, the method comprising: contacting a microorganism with a nitrogen oxide-containing sample to reduce the concentration of the nitrogen oxide in the sample, wherein the contacting comprises contacting the microorganism with Fe(II)(L)-NO.sub.x in a bioreactor, wherein the Fe(II)(L)-NO.sub.x is a complex in which a chelating agent, Fe.sup.2+, and NO.sub.x are chelated, wherein L is the chelating agent, and wherein NO.sub.x is a nitrogen oxide ligand.

In one or more arrangements, a cleaning system for an anaerobic digester tank or covered lagoon is presented which has a box assembly attached to the tank or covered lagoon and a hose system is configured to move through the box assembly and the tank or covered lagoon. In one or more arrangements, the cleaning system may include a hose mover configured to move the hose system in and out of the tank or covered lagoon. In one or more arrangements, the hose system extends into and through an aperture of the box assembly and the cleaning system includes a seal configured to prevent liquid from escaping through the aperture of the box assembly. In one or more arrangements, the cleaning system may also include a collection box assembly configured to hold liquid which escapes from the box assembly.

Methane is generated from animal waste by anaerobic digestion using bacteria. A screen separator removes suspended solids greater in size than a predetermined size ranging from about 50? to about 150?. An electrocoagulation unit electrochemically hydrolyses the waste, causing particles to settle out. A dissolved carbon air flotation has a CO.sub.2 bubbler for separating large particles from small particles by flotation. An anaerobic digester produces biogas. The digester has a biocurtain for growing the bacteria and a heat exchanger for heating the bacteria. The biocurtain surface is convoluted to retain the bacteria. A membrane module removes CO.sub.2. A knock out pot for removes droplets of water. A scrubber removes water vapor, particulates, and contaminant gas. A compressor boosts pressure. A gas chromatograph monitors the biogas composition. A flare skid lowers excess pressure for safety. Biogas is injected into a local pipeline system. A process control is used for controlling the anaerobic waste digestion system.