A method and system for treatment of flow-back and produced water from a hydrocarbon well in which fracturing operations are carried out using a phase separation and creating of positive charge in the water.

Disclosed is an electrostatic field water treatment apparatus comprising: a high voltage unit to which a high voltage is to be supplied, and an earth ground unit connected to an earth ground and used as a pipe through which water is to pass, wherein the high voltage unit is disposed at a central part of the earth ground unit and comprises a high voltage insulation cable to which a high voltage is to be supplied and an electrode case configured to cover the high voltage insulation cable and consisting of an insulator.

A method is described for controlling an oil spill by seeding micron-sized magnetizable particles in the oil. Once seeded, particles can form a unique and preferential bond with the oil resulting in creation of a colloidal mixture. This bond forms as a result of a combination of forces including the intermolecular Van der Waal forces. Once this bond is formed, the oil is rendered magnetic and can be controlled and moved in response to a magnetic field. This can include removing oil from water, reducing the diffusion rate of oil on water, magnetically lifting oil from water or nonporous surfaces, as well as separating the magnetic material from the oil.

An apparatus for synergistically combining a plasma with a comminution means such as a fluid kinetic energy mill (jet mill), preferably in a single reactor and/or in a single process step is provided by the present invention. Within the apparatus of the invention potential energy is converted into kinetic energy and subsequently into angular momentum by means of wave energy, for comminuting, reacting and separation of feed materials. Methods of use of the apparatus in the practice of various processes are also provided by the present invention.

A system and method are disclosed for automatically operating a high voltage resonance circuit. An embodiment of the system includes one or more coils each coil can be an alternating current (AC) coil or a direct current (DC) coil. An embodiment of the system further includes a microprocessor that issues commands to control amplitude and frequency of pulses of the one or more coils to reach and maintain a resonant condition for water treatment. The microprocessor determines whether a coil is an AC coil or a DC coil by detecting whether a capacitor is connected in series with the coil. An embodiment of the system further includes one or more sensors that measure the quality of water and provide feedback to the microprocessor.

An apparatus for oxygenating water includes a discharge chamber with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, an electronic unit coupled to the discharge chamber, and a power source configured to power the electronic unit. The electronic unit is configured to interact with a fluid disposed within the discharge chamber. The electronic unit is configured to accelerate the fluid and oxygenate the water to produce oxygenated water.

Resources, such as water, energy, power, amount of de-scaling chemicals, device lifetimes, data analytics and system depreciation may be conserved through the use of dual-field electric and magnetic probes that create and apply electromagnetic fields to liquids, such as water.

An efficient, cost-effective, and efficacious technique for removing coal ash and other pollutants from waterways, ponds, marshes, holding tanks and other water sources and supplies. An apparatus comprising an open cage including electromagnets and/or permanent magnets and/or electrodes is supplied with electrical power to extract materials such as rare earth elements and/or heavy metals. The materials levitate to the surface, forming a slurry while leaving water substantially free of such materials. Rare earth magnets electrically connect electrolysis electrode structures and serve as electrolysis electrode segments.

The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for reducing harmful substance in sewage and waste water for ecotoxicity removal, including a main decomposition unit in which sewage and waste water is treated and an activated electron aeration device for decomposing the sewage and waste water.

Apparatus and methods are disclosed for relocating blocks of ice produced by freezing contained water in a downward vertical direction in order to separate, minerals, organic matter and other impurities from seawater, brackish water, wastewater or other water resources. Generally, salt and other impurities will be rejected into feed water below the frozen water and may be drained from the tank through a drain pipe after a block of ice is formed. Additional feed water may then be pumped into the tank to raise the block of ice for removal or ejection from the tank. Surfaces of the block of ice that contact the tank may be heated to facilitate relocation of the block of ice.