A surface-treating agent including a fluorine-containing compound having a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond at its molecular terminal as a group of —Y-A wherein Y is a single bond, an oxygen atom or a divalent organic group, and A is —CH═CH.sub.2 or —C≡CH, which is able to form a layer having higher alkaline resistance.

An inorganic substrate with an improved via shape and methods for facilitating formation of such improved via shape are disclosed. A double-sided opening process may be applied to an inorganic substrate to form openings at the ends of a damage track previously formed in the inorganic substrate. One side of the inorganic substrate may then be sealed, such as by being temporarily bonded to a carrier or blocking substrate, so that a single-sided opening process may be applied to the other unsealed or unblocked surface of the inorganic substrate. The single-sided opening process may enlarge at least one of the openings formed by the double-sided opening process and may enlarge a channel between the openings to form a via having an advantageous shape.

A method of making a device substrate article having a device modified substrate supported on a glass carrier substrate, including: treating at least a portion of the first surface of a device substrate, at least a portion of a first surface of a glass carrier, or a combination thereof, wherein the treating produces a surface having: silicon; oxygen; carbon; and fluorine amounts; and a metal to fluorine ratio as defined herein; contacting the treated surface with an untreated or like-treated counterpart device substrate or glass carrier substrate to form a laminate comprised of the device substrate bonded to the glass carrier substrate; modifying at least a portion of the non-bonded second surface of the device substrate of the laminate with at least one device surface modification treatment; and separating the device substrate having the device modified second surface from the glass carrier substrate.

A plasma treatment method is provided. The method includes generating a planar plasma in a plasma treatment chamber, observing an effective influence region of the planar plasma by using an optical observation system in which an observation lens has a transparent substrate and a fluorescent coating thereon, adjusting a location of the observation lens to observe a brightness change of the fluorescent coating and the transparent substrate to obtain a location and a thickness range of the effective influence region of the planar plasma, and then adjusting a location of the observation lens to observe a brightness change of the fluorescent coating and the transparent substrate to obtain a location and a thickness range of the effective influence region of the planar plasma. A location of a sample is adjusted to within the effective influence region, and a plasma treatment is then performed on the sample.

A method is provided to form a dust mitigation coating that also mitigates or repels water, ice, and other liquids. Techniques to coat the surfaces of equipment and items with these dust, liquid, and ice mitigation coatings, minimize or eliminate mission problems caused by dust, liquid, or ice accumulation, particularly in outer space or on another planetary body or moon. Further, the dust mitigation coatings exhibit a Lotus-like effect, making the coated surfaces ultra-hydrophobic. The present invention is also directed to techniques for improving the functioning of terrestrial-based equipment and systems where dust, liquid, or ice accumulation is a problem, such as in hospitals and other health contexts, to prevent contamination.

A process for making a functionalized hollow body includes: providing a hollow body including a wall which at least partially surrounds an interior volume of the hollow body, the wall including a layer of glass and having a wall surface with a surface region; at least partially superimposing the layer of glass in the surface region with a functionalizing composition precursor on a side of the layer of glass which faces away from the interior volume, the functionalizing composition precursor including one or more siloxanes; and at least partially contacting the functionalizing composition precursor with a plasma, thereby obtaining the functionalized hollow body including a functionalizing composition which at least partially superimposes the layer of glass in the surface region on the side of the layer of glass which faces away from the interior volume.

The present invention relates to a decorative vehicle glass device. The device is comprised of a glass body that can be used as a windshield, window, engine cover, etc. on a vehicle. The glass body is comprised of an internal gas and at least one electrode that produces an alternating current which is transmitted through at least one plasma filament within the glass body. This creates colorful tendrils of light within the glass which resembles the appearance of lightning.

In some implementations, a carbon-containing glass material includes a surface-to-air interface and an interphase region extending from the surface-to-air interface along a direction to a depth within the carbon-containing glass material. The surface-to-air interface may be exposed to ambient air, and the interphase region may include a plurality of few layer graphene (FLG) nanoplatelets formed in response to recombination and/or self-nucleation of a plurality of carbon-containing radicals implanted within the interphase region. The FLG nanoplatelets have a non-periodic orientation configured to at least partially inhibit formation or propagation of microcracks and/or micro-voids in the carbon-containing glass material. The glass material may also include a compressive stress layer disposed between the interphase region and the surface-to-air interface of the carbon-containing glass material, the compressive stress layer induced by ion bombardment of the carbon-containing glass material by a plurality of ionized inert gas particles.

In one aspect, the present invention is an organic-inorganic hybrid membrane of a cerium oxide and an organic fluorine compound, the organic-inorganic hybrid membrane satisfying the following (a), (b), and (c): (a) the visible-light transmittance is 70% or higher; (b) the UV transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm is 60% or lower; and (c) the water contact angle of the surface of the organic-inorganic hybrid membrane is 80° or higher. In another aspect, the present invention is an organic-inorganic hybrid membrane of a cerium oxide and an organic fluorine compound, the organic-inorganic hybrid membrane satisfying the following (a), (b), and (c′): (a) the visible-light transmittance is 70% or higher; (b) the UV transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm is 60% or lower; and (c′) the water contact angle of the surface of the organic-inorganic hybrid membrane is 90° or higher. The organic fluorine compound may include a fluorine-based resin. Also disclosed are a laminate and an article that include the organic-inorganic hybrid membrane.

Provided herein are methods of making and using storage-stable protein-coated articles that retain activity after drying. Also provided herein are kits comprising storage-stable protein-coated articles that retain activity after drying.