A dielectric ceramic composition has good characteristics even under the high electric field intensity, and particularly good IR characteristic and the high temperature accelerated lifetime. The dielectric ceramic composition has a main component having a perovskite type compound shown by a compositional formula (Ba.sub.1-x-ySr.sub.xCa.sub.y).sub.m(Ti.sub.1-zZr.sub.z)O.sub.3, a first sub component having oxides of a rare earth element R, a second sub component as a sintering agent, wherein the dielectric particles has dielectric particles having high diffusion rate of the rare earth element, preferably of a complete solid solution particle, and when a concentration of Ti atom in the diffusion phase is 100 atom %, then an average concentration of the rare earth element R in the diffusion phase is 5 atom % or more, and an average concentration of Zr in the diffusion phase is 10 atom % or more.

A piezoelectric element includes a piezoelectric body having a main phase configured by lead zirconate titanate and a heterogenous phase configured by a different component to lead zirconate titanate, and a pair of electrodes provided on the piezoelectric body. The piezoelectric body has a surface region within 10 μm of a surface, and an inner region more than 10 μm from the surface. A surface area coverage of the heterogenous phase in a cross section of the surface region is at least 0.75% greater than a surface area coverage of the heterogenous phase in a cross section of the inner region.

A ceramic structure 10 includes a heater electrode 14 within a disk-shaped AlN ceramic substrate 12. The heater electrode 14 contains a metal filler in the main component WC. The metal filler (such as Ru or RuAl) has a lower resistivity and a higher thermal expansion coefficient than AlN. An absolute value of a difference |ΔCTE| between a thermal expansion coefficient of the AlN ceramic substrate 12 and a thermal expansion coefficient of the heater electrode 14 at a temperature in the range of 40° C. to 1000° C. is 0.35 ppm/° C. or less.

Electronic devices are produced from dielectric compositions comprising a mixture of precursor materials that, upon firing, forms a dielectric material comprising a barium-strontium-titanium-tungsten-silicon oxide.

A film stack made from compacted green films and capable of being sintered to form a ceramic component with monolithic multi-layer structure is disclosed. The film stack includes a functional layer comprising a green film comprising a functional ceramic and a tension layer comprising a green film comprising a dielectric material. The tension layer is directly adjacent to the functional layer in the multi-layer structure. The multilayer structure also includes a first metallization plane and second metallization plane. The functional layer is between the first metallization plane and the second metallization plane.

A manufacturing method of ceramic powder includes mixing a barium carbonate having a specific surface are of 15 m.sup.2/g or more, a titanium dioxide having a specific surface area of 20 m.sup.2/g or more, a first compound of a donor element having a larger valence than Ti, and a second compound of an acceptor element having a smaller valence than Ti and having a larger ion radium than Ti and the donor element, and synthesizing barium titanate powder by calcining the barium carbonate, the titanium dioxide, the first compound and the second compound until a specific surface area of the barium titanate powder becomes 4 m.sup.2/g or more and 25 m.sup.2/g or less.

Embodiments of the invention provide body armor composite and methods of fabrication. The body armor composite can include at least one strike-face layer, at least one strike-face reinforcement layer, and at least one catchment layer. Some embodiments include body armor composite with a bump guard layer, and a back-face reduction layer. In some embodiments, the fabrication method includes bonding multiple layers to form an armor composite. Some embodiments include an armor production tool including a housing at least two housing portions which form a substantially air-tight chamber when closed. The tool can include a lower flexible membrane forming at least a portion of a mold, and an upper flexible membrane capable of engaging the lower flexible membrane. The tool can include a pressure port for pressurizing the chamber and to move portions of the mold towards each other, and a locking mechanism for locking the two housing portions.

A multilayer coil component including a magnetic part formed of a ferrite material, a non-magnetic part formed of a non-magnetic ferrite material, and a coiled conductive part embedded in the magnetic part and the non-magnetic part. The non-magnetic part has an Fe content of 36.0 to 48.5 mol % in terms of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3, a Zn content of 46.0 to 57.5 mol % in terms of ZnO, a V content of 0.5 to 5.0 mol % in terms of V.sub.2O.sub.5, a Mn content of 0 to 7.5 mol % in terms of Mn.sub.2O.sub.3, and a Cu content of 0 to 5.0 mol % in terms of CuO with respect to the sum of the Fe content in terms of Fe.sub.2O.sub.3, the Zn content in terms of ZnO, the V content in terms of V.sub.2O.sub.5, and if present, the Cu content in terms of CuO, and the Mn content in terms of Mn.sub.2O.sub.3.

A method for producing a ceramic multilayer element is disclosed. In an embodiment the method includes forming a plurality of multilayer segments in a green state, wherein each multilayer segment is formed by pressing together a plurality of ceramic layers in the green state and pressing together the multilayer segments in the green state to form a multilayer element that is in the green state. The method further includes sintering the multilayer element that is in the green state to form a ceramic multilayer element that includes the ceramic layers and electrode layers arranged one on top of another, wherein at least one or more of a temperature at which the multilayer segments are pressed together, a pressing force applied during the pressing of the multilayer segments, and/or a duration of the pressing of the multilayer segments are adjusted.

A method is described. The method is a method for making a constraining ceramic assembly. The method includes applying at least one metallic electrode to a substrate. The method also includes applying a porous ceramic layer to the substrate to cover the metallic electrode. The method also includes sintering the substrate, the porous ceramic layer, and the metallic electrode together at a sintering temperature above a melting point of the metallic electrode.